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Biology of the Mind

bio chapter 2

TermDefinition
biological perspective links between biology and behavior
neuron a nerve cell, basic building block of nervous system
dendrites receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body
axon passes messages through its branches to other neurons or to muscles or glands.
myelin sheath fatty tissue layer - enables greater transmission speed
action potential neural impulse - electrical charge
threshold the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
synapse cell body of the receiving neuron
neurotransmitters chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps. Influences whether neuron will generate neural impulse.
reuptake
endorphins
nervous system body's electrochemical communication network
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
nerves axons that form connections between the nervous system and the muscles, glands, and sense organs.
sensory neurons
motor neurons
interneurons
somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system controls glands and muscles of internal organs (heart)
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
reflex
endocrine system
hormones
adrenal glands endocrine glands that arouse body in times of stress
pituitary gland
lesion
electroencephalogram
PET scan
brainstem
medulla
thalamus
reticular formation
cerebellum
limbic system
amygdala neural clusters linked to emotion
hypothalamus
cerebral cortex
glial cells
frontal lobes
parietal lobes
occipital lobes
temporal lobes
motor cortex
sensory cortex
association areas linked with mental functions: learning, remembering, thinking, speaking
plasticity
neurogenesis the formation of new neurons
corpus callosum
split brain
Created by: 708406747
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