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Ecology--Interaction
Ecology--Interactions
Term | Definition |
---|---|
niche | everything an organism does and everything the organism needs in its environment |
natural selection | responsible for evolutionary changes |
population | a group of organisms of the same sepecies living in the same area |
herbivore | organisms that eat plants |
biotic | the living part of an ecosystem |
abiotic | the nonliving part of an ecosystemcomm |
host | organism on which a parasite lives |
habitat | the place in which an organism lives |
carnivore | animals that prey upon other animals |
omnivore | organisms that eat both plants and animals |
feeding level | the location of an organism along a food chain |
producers | first feeding level in a food chain |
herbivores | second feeding level in a food chaing |
useable energy | decreases as one moves from one energy level to the next energy level |
competition | interaction in which organisms struggle against each other in obtaining the resources need for life |
living organisms that catch, kill, and eat other living things | |
prey | |
symbiosis | a close relationship between two organisms in which one organism lives near, on, or even inside another organism and in which at least one organism benefits |
commensalism | type of relationship in which one organism benefits from the relationship and the other benefits or is harmed |
mutualism | interaction between two organism in which both organims benefit is some manner |
parasitism | relationship between two organisms in which one benefits while the second is harmed in some fashion |
parasitism example | dog and flea --example |
mutualism example | bee and flowers--example |
commensalism | you and the mites living in your eyebrows |
organism | single living individual |
species | a group of organisms that can breed and produce viable offspring |
population | same species in the same place at the same time |
community | all the populations living in an area and interacting with each other |
ecosystem | a biological community and the environment it lives in |
biosphere | all the ecosystems found on earth |
tolerance limits | Minimum and maximum levels beyond which a particular species cannot survive or reproduce. |
adaptation | A trait that allows a species to survive more easily and reprod uce. |
evolution | Inheritance of specific genetic traits that control adaptations, giving a species an advantage in an environment. |
natural selection | Describes process where better competitors survive and reproduce more successfully. |
predation | Organism is hunted and killed by another Includes parasites, bacteria, viruses |
more than one organism attempting to use same resources | |
divergent | Separation of one species into new species. |
covergent | Unrelated organisms evolve to look and act alike. |
habitat | Set of environmental conditions in which a particular organism lives |
ecological niche | Description of role played by a species in a biological community. |
Opportunistic Species | Quickly appears when any opening in an ecosystem arises. Many are weeds. |
pioneer species | Able to quickly colonize new ground where nothing else is growing |
keystone species | A species whose impact on its ecosystem is especially large and influential. |
predator | Any organism that feeds directly on another living organism is termed a ________________ |
intraspecific competition | Competition among members of the same species. |
interspecific competition | Competition between members of different species. |
sybiosis | Intimate living together of members of two or more species. |
commensalism | One member benefits while other is neither benefited nor harmed. |
mutalism | Both members benefit. |
parasitism | One member benefits at the expense of other. |
commensalism | Barnacles create homes by attaching themselves to whales. The whales are unaffected. |