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Ecology--Interaction

Ecology--Interactions

TermDefinition
niche everything an organism does and everything the organism needs in its environment
natural selection responsible for evolutionary changes
population a group of organisms of the same sepecies living in the same area
herbivore organisms that eat plants
biotic the living part of an ecosystem
abiotic the nonliving part of an ecosystemcomm
host organism on which a parasite lives
habitat the place in which an organism lives
carnivore animals that prey upon other animals
omnivore organisms that eat both plants and animals
feeding level the location of an organism along a food chain
producers first feeding level in a food chain
herbivores second feeding level in a food chaing
useable energy decreases as one moves from one energy level to the next energy level
competition interaction in which organisms struggle against each other in obtaining the resources need for life
living organisms that catch, kill, and eat other living things
prey
symbiosis a close relationship between two organisms in which one organism lives near, on, or even inside another organism and in which at least one organism benefits
commensalism type of relationship in which one organism benefits from the relationship and the other benefits or is harmed
mutualism interaction between two organism in which both organims benefit is some manner
parasitism relationship between two organisms in which one benefits while the second is harmed in some fashion
parasitism example dog and flea --example
mutualism example bee and flowers--example
commensalism you and the mites living in your eyebrows
organism single living individual
species a group of organisms that can breed and produce viable offspring
population same species in the same place at the same time
community all the populations living in an area and interacting with each other
ecosystem a biological community and the environment it lives in
biosphere all the ecosystems found on earth
tolerance limits Minimum and maximum levels beyond which a particular species cannot survive or reproduce.
adaptation A trait that allows a species to survive more easily and reprod uce.
evolution Inheritance of specific genetic traits that control adaptations, giving a species an advantage in an environment.
natural selection Describes process where better competitors survive and reproduce more successfully.
predation Organism is hunted and killed by another Includes parasites, bacteria, viruses
more than one organism attempting to use same resources
divergent Separation of one species into new species.
covergent Unrelated organisms evolve to look and act alike.
habitat Set of environmental conditions in which a particular organism lives
ecological niche Description of role played by a species in a biological community.
Opportunistic Species Quickly appears when any opening in an ecosystem arises. Many are weeds.
pioneer species Able to quickly colonize new ground where nothing else is growing
keystone species A species whose impact on its ecosystem is especially large and influential.
predator Any organism that feeds directly on another living organism is termed a ________________
intraspecific competition Competition among members of the same species.
interspecific competition Competition between members of different species.
sybiosis Intimate living together of members of two or more species.
commensalism One member benefits while other is neither benefited nor harmed.
mutalism Both members benefit.
parasitism One member benefits at the expense of other.
commensalism Barnacles create homes by attaching themselves to whales. The whales are unaffected.
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