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Vital Signs

vital signs

QuestionAnswer
Characteristics of Heart Measurement Rate, Rhythm (steady or irreg), Force/Strength/Amplitude, Elasticity
Pulse Points on body radial, apical, temporal, carotid, brachial, elnar, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibialis, dorsalis pedis
Normal adult pulse rate 50-100bpm
Adolescent pulse v. adult pulse rate slower
infant-school age v. adult pulse rates faster
Characteristics of respiratory measurements rate (breaths/min), depth (normal, shallow, deep, whooping/huffing), effort/quality (effortless, strenuous/laborious), rhythm (even?)
normal adult resp. rates 12-20 breaths/min
adolescent v. adult resp. rate less
infant-school age v. adult resp rate more
systole VENTRICULAR contraction
diastole ventricular relaxation
pulse pressure the difference between SBP and DBP
normal adult BP 120/80
infant-adolescents BP v. adults bp always lower.. bp rises with age
hypertension values adult 140/90 (increased SBP, DBP or both)
hypotension values adult SBP<90 (no low point for dbp)
orthostatic hypotension SBP drop >15-20 DBP drop >10 Increased heart rate >20bpm
bp cuff size: too small false high reading
bp cuff size: too big false low reading
bp cuff inflation: too long; cut off circulation false low, circ. gone too long
bp cuff deflation: too fast miss circ. sounds
do not take bp on an arm: 1) with an IV, 2) with a dialysis shunt 3) on side of a radical mastectomy 4) paralysis (decreased circulation) 5) with a cast..... if these conditions appear bilat; try thigh cuff
thermoregulation happens where in brain hypothalamus (regulates..)
internal factors effecting BMR (basal met. rate) *thyroid hormoes, *norepinephrine/epinephrine, *testosterone
Circadian rhythm: body temp lowest Circadian rhythm: 2-3am
circadian rhythm: body temp highest circadian rhythm: 4-5pm
elderly av. temp 97*F
normal adult temp range 36-38*C, 97.6-100.4*F
av. oral temp 37*C, 98.8*F
av. rectal temp 37.5*C, 99.5*F most accurate
av. axillary temp 36.5*C, 97.7*F
Created by: allisonfay
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