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Holt 2 Alive or Not?
Do living things consist of cells? Holt Ch2 Alive or Not Vocabulary can help.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| function | to work |
| similarly | in almost the same way |
| cycles | a repeating series of steps |
| 7.1.a Cells function _________ in all living organisms. | 7.1.a Cells function similarly in all living organisms. |
| 7.2.a Differences between the life cycles and reproduction methods of _______ and ________ organisms. | 7.2.a Differences between the life cycles and reproduction methods of sexual and asexual organisms. |
| cell | the smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms; usually consists of a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a membrane. However prokaryotes lack a nucleus, and eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles. |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment |
| sexual reproduction | reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents. |
| asexual reproduction | reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent. |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| producer or autotroph | an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings |
| consumer or heterotroph | an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter |
| decomposer | an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients |
| protein | a molecule that is made up of amino acids that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body (contains the element nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen) |
| carbohydrate | a class of molecules that includes sugars, starches, and fiber; contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (carbo = carbon, hydrate = hydrogen combined with oxygen) |
| lipid | a fat molecule or a molecule that has similar properties; examples include oils, waxes, and steroids |
| phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorous and that is a structural component in cell membranes. Hydrophilic head likes water, while hydrophobic tail fears water . . . forms a bi-layer = two layers of phospholipids with tails together. |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes |
| nucleic acid | a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides . . . the NA in DNA and RNA. |
Created by:
GeoNaugles
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