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First Nursing Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Stereotypes of older adults | Ill, disabled, physically unattractive, forgetful, confused, ridged, bored, unfriendly, unable to learn new information, worthless, lacing work ethic, & their knowledge is too outdated to be considered useful. |
| Stochastic Theory | -Biological Theory -Views aging as a result of random cellular damage that occurs over time, leads to physical changes that are recognized as characteristics of that of the aging process. |
| Non-Stochastic Theory | -Biological Theory -Views aging as a result of genetically programed physiological mechanisms within the body that control the process of aging. |
| Continuity/Developmental Theories | -Psychosocial Theory -Suggests that personality remains the stable and behavior becomes more predictable with age. -The personality & behavior patterns developed during lifetime determine the degree of engagement and activity in older adulthood. |
| Activity Theory | -The continuation of activities performed during middle age as necessary for successful aging. |
| Gerotranscendence | -Proposes that older adults experience a shift in perspective with age. -Moves from a materialistic and national view of the world to a more cosmic and transcendent one. Causing an increase in overall satisfaction. |
| Developmental tasks for older adults | -Adjusting to, decreasing health & physical strength, retirement & reduced fixed income, death of siblings, children, friends, spouse. |
| Dementia | Generalized impairment of intellectual functioning that interfere with social + occupational functioning. -Gradual progressive, irreversible cerebral dysfunction. -Cognitive deterioration leads to decline in ones ability to perform ADLS & ISDLS. |
| Delirium | -Acute confusional state that is potentially reversible cognitive impairment that is often a physiological cause. -Can be caused by environmental factors and physiological factors. -Usually a medical emergency. |
| Depression | -1/3 of adults have symptoms. -Most common, undetected, untreated, Impairment of older adults. -Clinical depression's treatment includes Medication, Psychotherapy, or a combination of both. |
| Psychosocial Changes of aging | -Include loss, transitions to retirement and the associated financial changes, Changes and roles & relationships, alterations in health & functional ability, Changes in ones social network and relations. |
| Health concerns of older adults | Heart Disease, Cancer, Stroke, Smoke related illnesses, Alcohol abuse, Nutrition, Dental problems, Exercise, Falls, Sensory impairment, Pain, Medication use. |
| Polypharmacy | The concurrent use of many medications increase risk for adverse drug affects. |
| Therapeutic Communication | -Allows you to perceive & respect older adults uniqueness and healthcare expectations. -Caring nurse shows kindness & understanding. |
| Reality Orientation | -Communication technique that makes older adults more aware of time. -Restores sense of reality & level of awareness. |
| Validation Therapy | -An alternate approach to communication with confused older adult |
| Reminicence | -Recalling information from the past to bring meaning and understanding to the present and resolve certain conflicts |
| Body-image interventions | -influence older adult to keep his/her appearance appropriate with grooming. -Such as brushing hair, teeth, change clothes, clean dentures. |
| Activity Theory | Considers the continuation of activities performed during middle age as necessary for successful aging. |
| Ageism | Discrimination against people because of increasing age. |
| Gerontological nursing | Nursing/caring for older adults that requires creative approaches for maximizing the potential of older adults. |
| Gerontology | Study of all aspects of the aging process and its components |
| Characteristics of critical thinker | -considers what is important in each clinical situation. imagines and explores alternatives, considers ethic principles, and make informed decisions about the care of the patient. -Cognitive skills, habit of asking questions, staying well informed etc. |
| Skills associated with critical thinker | interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, self-regulation. |
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