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Cellllss
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell | basic unit of all organisms, all living things are composed of cells |
| Cell Theory | all organisms are composed of one or more cells: the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization of organisms: all cells are preexisting cells |
| Compound Light Microscope | an instrument that uses light and a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps: can magnify an object up to 1500 times its original size |
| Electron Microscope | an instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times actual size: allows scientists to view structures within a cell |
| Eukaryote | unicellular or multi cellular organisms, such as yeast, plants and animals composed pf eukaryotic cells, which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| Nucleus | positively charged center of atom composed of neutrons and positively charged prtons, and surrounded by negatively charged electrons |
| Organelle | membrane-bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells |
| Prokaryote | unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, each of which is composed of a prokaryotic cell: which lack internal membrane-bound structures |
| Fluid Mosaic Model | structural model ofthe plasma membrane where molecules are free to move sideways within a lipid bilayer |
| Phospholipid | lipids with an attached phosate group: plasma membranes are composed oh phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins |
| Plasma Membrane | flexible boundary between the cell and its environment: allows materials such as water and nutrients to enter and waste products to leave |
| Selective Permeability | feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules into the cell while keeping others out |
| Transport Proteins | proteins that span the plasma membrane creating a selectively permeable membrane that regulates which molecules eneter and leave the cell |
| Cell Wall | fairly rigid structure located outside te plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria and some protist: provides support and protection |
| Chlorophyll | light-absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis: absorbs most wavelength of light except for green |
| Chloroplast | chlorophyll-containing organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists: capture light energy and converted it to chemical energy |
| Chromatin | long strand of DNA found in the sukaryotic cell nucleus: condense form of chromosomes |
| Cilia | short, numerous, hairlike projections commposed of pairs of microtubules |
| Cytoplasm | clear, gelatinous fluid in cells that is the site of numerous chemical reactions: in eukaryotic cells, it suspends the cell's organelles |
| Cytoskeleton | cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtubules and microfilaments |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | organelle in eukaryotic cells with a series of high folded membranes surrounded in cytoplam |
| Flagella | long projections composed of microtubules: found on some cell surfaces |
| Golgi Apparatus | organelle in eukaryotic cells with a system of flattened tubular membranes |
| Lysosome | organelles that contain digestive enzymes:digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles and engulfed viruses or bacteria |
| Microfilament | thin, solid protein fibers that provide structural support for eukaryotic cells |
| Microtubule | thin, hollow cylinders made of protein that provide structural support for eukaryotic |
| Microchondria | eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules: has a highly folded inner membrane that produces energy-storing molecules |
| Nucleolus | organelle in eukaryotic cell nucleus that produces ribosomes |
| Plastid | group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids or pigments |
| Ribosome | nonmembrane-bound organelles in the nucleus where proteins are assembled |
| Vaculoe | membrane-bound space in the cytoplams of cells used for the temporary storage of materials |
Created by:
emmawhitesell
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