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chapter 7 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| compound light microscopes | use a series of lenses to magnify objects in steps |
| cell theory | made up of three main ideas |
| electron microscope | uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500000 times their actual size allowing scientists to see structures within a cell |
| prokaryotes | do not have membranebound organelles |
| eukaryotes | made up of eukaryotisc cells |
| nucleus | central membranebound organelle that manages cellular functions |
| plasma membrane | flexible boundary between the cell and its environment, to allow a steady supply of these nutrients to come into the cell no matter what the external conditions are |
| selective permeability | process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keepings others out |
| phospholipid | has a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group |
| fluid mosaic model | model of the plasma memebrane |
| transport proteins | move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane |
| cell wall | fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane that provides additional support and protection |
| chromatin | strands of the genetic material, DNA |
| nucleolus | within the nucleus is a prominent organelle |
| ribosomes | sites where the cell produces proteins according to the directions of DNA |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site of cellular chemical reactions |
| Golgi apparatus | a flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies the proteins |
| vacuoles | membrane-bound compartments |
| lysosomes | organelles that contain digestive enzymes |
| chloroplasts | cell organelles that capture light energy and convert it to chemical energy |
| plastids | used for storage, group of plant organells |
| chlorophyll | traps light energy and gives leaves and stems their green color |
| mitochondria | membrane-bound organelles in plant and animals cells that transform energy for the cell |
| cytoskelaton | cells that have a support structure |
| microtubules | thin,hollow cylinders made of protein |
| microfilaments | smaller, solid protein fibers |
| flagella | longer projections that move with a whip-like motion |
| cilia | short, numerous projections that look like hairs |
| cytoplasm | clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell |
Created by:
annawestbrook
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