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Unit 2. Part 1
1. Life on Earth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| LIPIDS | Organic biomolecules that provide energy reserves |
| CARBOHYDRATES | Organic biomolecules that give energy to the organism |
| PROTEINS | Organic biomolecules that are needed for growth and mantain body structures |
| NUCLEIC ACIDS | Organic biomolecules that are responsible for holding genetic information (such as DNA) |
| WATER | The most important inorganic biomolecule |
| NUTRITION | Function of living things that enables organisms to obtain energy to perform activities such as growing and restoring damaged structures |
| SENSITIVITY | Ability of organisms to obtain information about the changes in their environment and their own organism, and to adapt to these changes |
| REPRODUCTION | Capacity of organisms to form new individuals similar or identical to them |
| GENETIC MATERIAL | DNA wich contain the information to control the functions of the cell and determines an organism´s characteristics and heredity |
| ORGANELLES | Compartments of the cell that have different functions and are contained in the cytoplasm |
| PROKARYOTES | Type of cell with genetic material dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, doesn´t have a neither a defined nucleus nor a nuclear membrane |
| EUKARYOTES | Type of cell with a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane |
| CELL WALL | Protective covering that gives the cell its shape and rigidity that surrounds the cell membrane |
| CHLOROPLASTS | Cell organelles where photosynthesis takes place, they contain chlorophyll |
| MITOCHONDRION | Cell organelle that produces energy through cellular respiration |
| TISSUE | A group of cells that have a similar structure and function |
| CELL | The organisational and functional unit of living things |
| CELL MEMBRANE | A covering which surrounds and protects the cell and controls the passage of substances in and out of it |
| CYTOPLASM | Viscuous liquid inside a cell |
| VACUOLE | Bubble inside a cell that stores food, minerals and water |
| CENTROSOME | Organelle involved in cell division |
| FLAGELLUM | Filament of some bacteria that helps them to move around |
| TAXONOMY | Science of classifying organisms using a hierarchical system |
| BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE | System that gives each species a Latin name composed of two terms. It was created by a Swedish botanist called Carl Linnaeus |
| AUTOTROPHS | Those living things that can transform inorganic matter into organic compounds through photosynthesis |
| HETEROTROPHS | Those living things that can’t produce their own food and have to eat other living things (organic matter) |
| ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION | Type of reproduction in which a single living thing reproduces itself usually by binary fission |
| SEXUAL REPRODUCTION | Type of reproduction that requires two individuals of different sexes so that the reproductive cells called gametes can join together to produce offspring |
Created by:
Rosaliceo
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