Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology EOCT
Stack #131496
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| control group | used a comparison, all factors kept the same |
| constant | remains the same for all set-ups |
| procedure- | numbered directions |
| analysis | determining what the data means |
| controlled experiment | contains an independent variable |
| data- | information collected from an experiment |
| hypothesis | prediction about the outcome of an experiment |
| dependent/responding variable | measured, changes |
| independent/manipulated variable- | changed by experimenter, several groups |
| Identify the metric units used for: Mass, Volume, Length, Density. | Mass- grams; Volume- liters; Length- meter; Density- g/mL (g/cm3) |
| Define biology and explain why the study of biology is so important. | Study of living things, to understand how living things interact and operate. |
| List and explain the characteristics of all living things. | Made up of cells, reproduces, based on a genetic code, grows/develops, needs materials/energy, responds to stimuli, homeostasis, evolves |
| Biotic potential | max rate of population increase, no limiting factors |
| Biosphere | all life existing w/in several meters of earth’s surface 1 |
| Community | all living things in a certain area & time (different species) 4 |
| Habitat | area where a particular organism lives |
| Carrying capacity | max number of org. supported by a particular environment, limiting factors |
| Biome | geographic area w/ same climate and life 2 |
| Population | 1 species of organism in a certain area & time 5 |
| Autotrophs | producers, make own food from sun/chemical energy source |
| Limiting factors- | resource that has a finite amount, Ex: food, water, space, predators, etc. |
| Ecosystem | distinct area consisting of both biotic and abiotic factors 3 |
| Niche | organisms role in a particular habitat, prevents competition |
| Heterotrophs | - consumers, obtain food from another organism |
| Independent | effects population regardless of size. Ex: natural diasters |
| Dependent | effects population in different ways depending on size. Ex: predation, competition, migration, disease |
| Mutualism | both organisms benefit. Ex- bird/insect (gets food), plant (pollination) |
| Parasitism | one organism benefits while another is harmed. Ex- dog (loses blood), flea (gets food) |
| Commensalism | one organism benefits while the other is unaffected. Ex- remora (gets food), shark (feeds normally) |
| J curve | population growing exponentially, no limiting factors, reaching biotic potential Ex: human population |
| S curve | population growing logistically, limiting factors cause population to reach carrying capacity |
| Abiotic | non-living factors effecting an ecosystem Ex- amt. light, water, temp., % chemicals, wind, current, soil type, etc. |
| Biotic | living interactions between organisms of an ecosystem Ex- competition, predation, symbiosis |
| Primary succession | occurs in areas where life hasn’t existed (volcanic islands, rock upliftings, etc…) |
| Secondary succession | occurs in area where life once was (abandoned fields, forest left after a forest fire, etc…) |
| Pioneer communities | first species to inhabit an area of primary succession (moss or lichen break down rock into soil) |
| Climax community | stable/mature community with little or no change (hardwood forest) |
| Ionic- | transfer of electrons, creates IONS |
| Covalent- | sharing of electrons, strong bond |
| Solvent | dissolves solute (water) |
| Solute | gets dissolved (sugar) |
| Identify the main elements that make up living cells | CHONPS (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur |
| Carbs. | CHO Monosaccaride Energy source Glucose, |
| Lipids | CHO Glycerol and fatty acids |
| Proteins | CHON Amino acids Structures, enzymes Melanin, Keratin |
| Nucleic Acids | CHONP Nucleotide Genetic information DNA, RNA |
| Condensation | molecules joined by losing water molecules, glucose+glucose+glucoseà starch + 2 waters |
| Hydrolysis | large molecules broken into smaller ones by adding water, protein + waterà amino acids |
| large molecules broken into smaller ones by adding water, protein + waterà amino acids | Strong Acid Neutral Strong Base 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 |
| CELL WALL | , Structure and support for plant cells PLANT |
| CENTRIOLES | , Help in cell division ANIMAL |
| CHLOROPLASTS | , Site of photosynthesis (makes glucose) PLANT |
| CILIA | , Movement ANIMAL |
| CYTOPLASM | ,Contains a gel (cytosol) holds organelles in place; allows for transport of materials BOTH |
| CYTOSKELETON | , Provides structure to cell BOTH |
| ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | , Intracellular highway BOTH |
| FLAGELLA | , Movement in certain cells (sperm, protist) ANIMAL |
| GOLGI BODIES | ,Packaging and distribution center BOTH |
| LYSOSOMES, | Contain hydrolytic enzymes, digest unwanted cell material MOSTLY ANIMAL |
| MITOCHONDRIA | ,Powerhouse of cell, breaks down glucose for energy BOTH |
| NUCLEOLUS | ,Produces ribosomes BOTH |
| NUCLEUS | ,Control center; contains instructions of make proteins BOTH |
| PLASMA MEMBRANE,(Cell membrane) | Regulates what comes in and out of cell; keeps materials in BOTH |
| RIBOSOMES, | Produce proteins BOTH |
| VACUOLES, | Stores water, food and waste BOTH |
| CENTRAL VACUOLE | ,Main storage area, mostly water PLANT |
| unicellular organism | organisms composed of only 1 cell |
| multicellular organism | organism composed of more than 1 cell |
| prokaryote | organism without a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryote | organism with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Diffusion | Transport of materials from an area of high to an area of low concentration |
| Osmosis | Transport of water from an area of high to low concentration |
| Active Transport | The movement of molecules against the concentration gradient (low to high) |
| Endocytosis | The movement of large molecules inside a cell |
| Exocytosis | The movement of large molecules outside a cell |
| Isotonic | The solution of water is equal on both sides of the cell membrane |
| Hypotonic | A solution in which the concentration of solute (dissolved material) is lower on the outside of the cell than on the inside making the water concentration on the outside higher. Water flow inside the cell from the environment. |
| Hypertonic | A solution in which the concentration of solute (dissolved material) is higher on the outside of the cell than on the inside making the water concentration on the outside lower. Water flows outside of the cell into the environment. |
| ISOTONIC | water moves into and out of the cell at equal rate, cell remains the same |
| HYPOTONIC | water moves into the cell, cell swells |
| HYPERTONIC | water moves out of the cell, cell shrinks |
| Identify the balanced equation for photosynthesis. | 6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight ==== C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| State the equation for aerobic respiration. | C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38ATP |
| Complete the chart comparing the two types of photosynthesis reactions: | Light Dependent Light Independent |
| 2 types of anaerobic respiration. | Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic fermentation |
| Lactic acid fermentation | occurs during periods of strenuous exercise when the muscles have used all available oxygen – the body produces lactic acid instead of CO2, |
| Alcoholic fermentation | occurs without oxygen in yeast CO2 is produced– in both of these reactions, very little ATP is produced |
| Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. | Aerobic occurs with oxygen; anaerobic occurs without oxygen. |
| Glycolysis | Reactants used Glucose ---Products produced ATP, Pyruvic Acid ---Amount of ATP produced 2 ---Aerobic or Anaerobic Anaerobic -----Where the process occurs Cytoplasm |
| Fermentation | Reactants used Pyruvic Acid--Products producedLactic acid or alcohol/CO2--- Amount of ATP produced-0---Aerobic or AnaerobicAnaerobic---Where the process occurs Mitochondira |
| Kreb’s Cycle | Reactants used Pyruvic Acid (Acetyl Co-A)----Products produced ATP, CO2----2 ATP produced, aeroobic=---done in the mitochondira |
| Electron Transport | Reactants used NADH, FADH2-- Products produced Water, ATP--Amount of ATP produced 34- aerobic, in the mitochondria |
| Draw a diagram of the stages of the cell life cycle. Describe the events that occur in each step. | see the email |
| What is the relationship among DNA, chromosomes and chromatin? | DNA uncoiled is chromatin, chromatin condenses to become a chromatid, two sister chromatids join at a centromere to form a chromosome. |
| Explain the difference in chromosome numbers in somatic (body) cells and reproductive cells (gametes) in humans. | Somatic- diploid, two copies (46) Gametes- haploid, one copy (23) |
| Why must gametes be haploid? | To keep the chromosome number consistent for every species |
| Mitosis | The process in cell division by which the nucleus divides, typically consisting of four stages, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and normally resulting in two new nuclei, each of which contains a complete copy of the parental chromosomes. |
| Meiosis | The process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, leading to the production of gametes in animals and spores in plants. |
| Explain the effect of mutagens. Explain why some changes in DNA structure are inherited and some are not | A mutagen causes a change in the DNA. DNA codes for RNA (transcription), which get translated to proteins, if the sequence is changed in DNA it changes the RNA, which changes the amino acids that bond to form the protein. If mutation is in a sex cell it w |
| Summarize the protein synthesis process, starting with the DNA. | FIND |
| Allele | one member of a gene pair |
| Heredity | the study of the passing of traits from parent to offspring. |
| Principle of Dominance | factors (alleles) may dominate or hide other traits |
| Principle of Segregation | factors (alleles) separate from each other during the formation of sex cells (during meiosis) |
| Principle of Independent Assortment | traits separately independently from each other during meiosis – height of plants separately independently of color in a dihybrid cross) |
Created by:
avvajessic
Popular Biology sets