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Scientific Methods

TermDefinition
Observation Gathering information (FACTS) about the natural world using your five senses.
Data The information gathered from observations.
Hypothesis A testable scientific explanation for a set of observations
Manipulated (Independent) variable A part in an experiment that a scientist purposely changes. Also known as the independent variable. Example: If low light is used for plants, then the plant will grow less. The manipulated variable is the amount of light.
Control Group A group in an experiment that does NOT have the manipulated variable, but contains the constants.
Inference A conclusion reached about an object based on observation. A scientific opinion
Qualitative observation A DESCRIPTION of an object or your environment using your five senses. Example: color, size, or texture Just the facts!
Quantitative observation A measurement or number attached to an observation. Example: the bike is 2 meters long, the teacher has TWO lizards, or the plant grew 2 inches. Just the facts!
Responding (Dependent) variable Responds to the independent variable, measured as data. Example: the size of a bubble gum bubble, the growth of a plant, the color change in a reaction.
Constants Factors or variables in an experiment that stay the same throughout both the experimental and control group.
Variable Part of an experiment that can change.
Reliable results If the same experiment is repeated several times the results are considered reliable
Created by: sbarone
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