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AP Bio Chapter 1
Introduction
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolution | Process of change that transformed life on Earth; fundamental organizing principle of biology |
| Properties of LIfe | Order, regulation, energy processing, growth, reproduction, adaption, response to environment |
| 8 themes | 1) New properties emerge at each level in biological heirarchy 2) Organisms interact with others and physical environment 3) Life requires energy transfer and transformation 4) Structure and function are correlated at all levels of bio organiziation |
| 8 themes cont. | 5)Cell is an org's basica unit of structure/funt 6) Continuity of life based on heritable info (DNA) 7) Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems 8)Evolution |
| Emergent Properties | Due to arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases |
| Power and Limitations of Reductionism | reducing complex systems to simpler components that are easier to manage/study |
| Systems Biology | approach that attempts to model dynamic behavior of whole bio systems based on study of interactions among parts |
| Eukaryotic Cell | animal/plant, subdivided by internal membranes into various organelles, largest usually being nucleus which contains DNA, other located in cytoplasm |
| Prokarytoic Cell | simpler, usually smaller, bacteria/archaea, DNA not separated, lack other organelles |
| Foundation of all reproduction, growth, repair | Division of cells |
| Levels of Biological Organization | atom, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms, populations, communities, ecosystems, biosphere (AMOCTOOOPCEB - AM October, ooo, please carry extra bags) |
| Genome | entire "library" of genetic instructions an org inherits |
| Genomics | studying whole sets of genes of a species as well as comparing genomes between species rather than studying a single gene at a time |
| Bioinformatics | use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze huge volume of data |
| Negative Feedback | accumulation of an end product slows process down |
| Positive Feedback | end product speeds up its own production (clotting) |
| 3 Domains of Life | Bacteria (most diverse), Archaea (extreme enviros), Eukarya |
| Science | way of knowing; an approach to understanding the natural world |
| Inquiry | Search for info and explanation |
| Data | Recorded observations |
| Inductive Reasoning | derive generalizations from large # of specific observations |
| Hypothesis | tentative answer to well framed question |
| Deductive Reasoning | General to specific |
| Theory | Broad, general, supported by lots of evidence |
| Technology | Method/device that applies sci knowledge for some specific purpose that affects society |