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Ch. 41 questions
Environmental Microbiology and Genetic Engineering
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Give an example of how scientists have used gene cloning to protect plants from insects | insect toxin genes from B. thuringiensis have been cloned into plants so pland produces the insecticide right on the leaves-when leaves eaten larvae are killed |
| What is BOD? | biochemical oxygen demand: rate at which microbes remove oxygen from water |
| what is the purpose of alum in water purification? | alum forms a gel that microbes and particles stick to as gel settles out and removes them |
| What have we learned from the use of DDT? | pesticides like DDT may harm animals too-need to develop and use pesticides that are quickly broken down by microbes or other means |
| What are lichens? | mutualistic colonies of algae and fungi |
| What digests the cellulose of wood in termites? | protozoa digest cellulose of wood in termites |
| what type of organism produces methane? | archaea |
| Ammonification | breakdown of proteins and nucleic acid by bacteria and fungi to release nitrogen in the form of ammonia |
| Nitrification | oxidation of ammonia to nitrate by the bacteria Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter |
| Denitrification | occurs when bacteria use nitrate anaerobically and release nitrogen gas |
| Nitrogen fixation | process of bacterial fixation of nitrogen gas into nitrate-2 bacteria that fix nitrogen--Azotobacter and Rhizobium |
| Azotobacter | free living |
| Rhizobium | grow in plant root nodules to fix nitrogen in larger quantities |
Created by:
heatherlvn
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