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biochemistry

TermDefinition
acid any substance that forms H+ in water and has a pH below 7
atom Basic building block of all mater
base any substance that forms OH- in water and has a pH above 7
compound substance composed ofatoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined
covalent bond chemical bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons
element substance that cant be broken down to a simpler chem. substance
ion atom or group ofatoms that gain or lose elecrons
ionic bond chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between 2 ions of opposite charge
isotope atoms of the same element that have different #'s of neutrons in the nucleus
metabolism All chemi reactions that occur within an organism
mixture combination of substances in which individual components retain their own properties
molecule group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
nucleus The center of an atom
pH Measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
solution mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance
diffusion random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
dynamic equalibrium result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration
hydrogen bond weak chem bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negitively charged atoms
polar molecule molecule with an unequal distribution of charge
amino acid basic building blocks of protein molecules
carbohydrate organic compound used by cells to store and release energy
enzyme type of protein in all living organisms that changes the rate of chemical reactions
isomer compounds with the same simple formula but different 3D structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties
lipid large organic compounds mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen
nucleic acid complex biomolecules, such as RNA and DNA, that store cellular info in cells in the form of a code.
nucleodide subunits of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
peptide bond covalent bond formed between amino acids
polymer large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
protein large, complex polymer essential to all life composed mostly of carbon, hydroen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfer
Created by: matthew0631
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