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Chapter, 6

biochemistry

TermDefinition
Acid Any substance that forms hydrogen ions in water.
Atom The smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element.
Base Any substance that forms hydroxide ions in water.
Compound A substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
Covalent bond When two atoms share electrons, such as two hydrogen atoms sharing electrons, the force that holds them together.
Element Everything-whether it is a rock, frog, or flower- is made of substances.
Ion Is a charged particle made of atom.
Ionic bond The attractive force between two ions of opposite charge.
Isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Metabolism All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.
Mixture A combination of substances in wthe individual components retain their own properties.
Molecule A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.
Nucleus The center of an atom.
pH A measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Solution A mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance.
Diffusion Is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Dynamic Equilibrium Condition, in which there is continuous movement but no overall concentration change.
Hydrogen Bond This attraction of opposte charges between hydrogen and oxygen forms a weak bond.
Polar Molecule A molecule with an unequal distribution of charge; that is, each molecule has a positive end and a negative end.
Amino Acid The basic building blocks of proteins.
Carbohydrate Is a biomolecule composed of carbon, hydration, and oxygen with a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom for every carbon atom.
Enzyme IS a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction.
Isomer Compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties.
Lipid Are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen.
Nucleic Acid A complex biomolecule that stores cellular information in the form of a code.
Nucleotide Nucleic acids are polymers made of smaller subunits.
Peptide bond the Covalent bonds formed between the amino acids.
Polymer Large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together.
Protien Is a large , complex polymer composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur.
Created by: Mahala.s
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