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Chpt6BiologyTHS

Chapter 6 Biology Barefoot

TermDefinition
Acid Any substance that forms hydrogen ions(H+) in water and has a pH below 7.
Atom The smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element.
Base Any substance that forms hydroxide ions(OH-)in water and has a pH above 7.
Compound A substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
Covalent Bond Chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons.
Element Substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler chemical substance.
Ion Atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons; has an electrical charge
Ionic Bond Chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge.
Isotope Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.
Metabolism All the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.
Mixture Combination of substances in which individual components retain their own properties.
Molecule Group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; Has no overall charge
Nucleus Positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and protons, and surrounded by electrons.
pH Measure of how acidic or basic a solution is; Scale ranges from 0-14; 0-6 is acidic and 8-14 is basic and 7 is neutral.
Solution Mixture in which one or more substances(Solutes) are distributed evenly in another substance (Solvent).
Diffusion Movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration.
Dynamic Equilibrium Result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles, but no overall change in concentration.
Hydrogen Bond Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
Polar Molecule Molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a + and - end.
Amino Acid Small carbon compound joined by peptide bonds; building block of proteins.
Carbohydrate Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Enzyme Type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemical reactions.
Isomer Compound with the same simple formula but different 3-D structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties.
Lipid Large organic compound made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen; Examples are fats, oils, waxes, steroids. Used by cells for energy, insulation, and protective coatings.
Nucleic Acid Complex biomolecules, such as DNA & RNA, that store cellular information in cells in the form of a code.
Nucleotide Subunit of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Peptide Bond Covalent bond formed between amino acids.
Polymer Large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together.
Protein Large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur; Provides structure for for tissues and organs and helps carry out cell metabolism.
Created by: jacoblucas97
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