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NSGSUX-LYME DISEASE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is lyme disease? | A spirochetal infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. |
| How is lyme disease transmitted? | Bite of an infected deer tick |
| Does person to person transmission occur with lyme disease? | no |
| When is the peak season for human infection of lyme disease? | summer months |
| Lyme disease mimics other diseases such as what? | sclerosis, mononucleosis, and meningitis |
| What is the most charcteristic symptom of early localized lyme disease? | erythema migrans (EM) |
| What is erythema migrans? | A round lesion with bright red border and central clearing |
| When is erythema migrans present? | 2 to 30 days after exposure to lyme disease |
| What are the acute symptoms of lyme disease? | fever, chills, headache, stiff neck, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, migratory joint and muscle pain |
| When do initial symptoms of lyme disease occur? | Usually within a week but up to 30 days |
| If lyme disease is not treated, then what are the resulting progressive symptoms? | severe headaches, temporary facial paralysis (Bell's palsy), poor motor coordination |
| What are the symptoms of late lyme disease? | arthritis pain and sweeling of the large joints, neurologic disorders such as tertiary neuroborreliosis |
| What is tertiary neuroborreliosis? | results in confusion and forgetfulness |
| What is the diagnosis of lyme disease determined by? | Clinical manifestations such as EM lesion, and a history of exposure in an endemic area |
| In lyme disease, what are the ESR and CBC? | normal usually |
| Why is the diagnosis for lyme disease not made by serology tests for antibodies in the early disease stage? | They may produce false negative results in the early stages, but are reliable for diagnosis in later disease |
| What testing should be done for individuals with neurologic involvement? | cerebrospinal fluid should be examined |
| What drugs are active lesions treated with? | oral antibiotics such as doxycycline (Vibramycin), cefuroxime (Ceftin), and amoxicillin |
| Which drug has been shown to be effective in preventing lyme disease when given within three days after the bite of a deer tick? | doxycycline |
| What medications are effective for solitary EM? | short term therapy of oral antibiotics for 2-3 weeks |
| What drug therapy does long standing infection require? | parenteral antibiotic therapy |
| Which drug is prescribed for severe cardiac or neurologic problems in lyme disease? | intravenous ceftriaxone (Rocephin) |
| What is the best way to prevent lyme disease? | reducing exposure to ticks |
| Is there a vaccine for lyme disease? | no |
| Are there any repellants for ticks? | Yes-DEET on skin and permethrin on clothes |
| How do you remove a tick? | Use tweezers-grasp tick's mouth as close to skin as possible and pull straight out-do not jerk or twist |
| What do you do if you are bitten by a tick? | Wash bitten area with soap and water and apply antiseptic. Wash hands |
| When should you see a doctor if you have been bitten by a tick? | If flu-like symptoms or a bulls eye rash occur within 2-30 days of tick removal |
| What is the incubation period from exposure to onset of symptoms? | 3 to 32 days |
| What is the number one vector-borne disease in the US? | Lyme disease |
| What are prevention measures to prevent tick infestations in the yard? | Ticks are susceptible to dehydration so you want to reduce humidity by pruning trees, clearing brush, and mowing the lawn. |
| How should you dress to avoid ticks? | Wear long sleeves, and long pants. Tuck shirt into pants. Wear light colored clothes to see ticks. |
Created by:
tmorg581
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