Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
The Plant Kingdom
notes on ch 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cuticle | waxy, waterproof layer that covers leaves; it helps plants slow down evaporation |
| vascular tissue | tube like structues where water minerals and food move |
| nonvascular plants | low growing; do not have roots to absorb water; cannot grow tall because they have thin cell walls |
| vascular plants | have a true vascular system; better suited to life in dry areas than nonvascular plants; can grow tall |
| sporophyte | plant produces spores that develop into next stage of life cycle |
| gameophyte | plant produces sperm cells and egg cells that join to form a zygote and the cycle repeats |
| mosses | 10000 species; most diverse group of nonvascular plants |
| rhizoids | anchor moss into ground instead of roots |
| liverworts | 8000 species; often found growing on moist rocks or soil along the sides of streams; named for the shape of the plants leaflike gameophyte |
| hornworts | fewer than 100 species; seldom found on rocks or tree trunks; usually live in moist soil mixed with grasses; named for the slender curved structures that grow out of the gametophytes |
| seedless vascular plants | reproduce with spores |
| ferns | 12000 species; have true stem roots and leaves; stems are underground |
| fronds | a ferns leaves |
| horsetails | very few species |
| club mosses | have true stems roots and leaves; only a few hundred species |
| pholem | carries food that was made in the leaves |
| xylem | carries water and minerals from soild |
| pollen | tiny structures that contain cells that will become sperm cells |
| seed | structure that contains a young lant inside a protective covering |
| parts of a seed | embryo; stored food; seed coat |
| embryo | plant that deelops from the zygote |
| cotyledons | embryos seed leaves |
| seed dispersal | by animals; wind; or water |
| germination | occurs when the emryo begins to row and pushes out of the seed |
| roots | anchor a plant in the ground; absorb water and minerals; and sometimes store food |
| fibrous root system | consits of many similarly sized roots that form a tangled mass |
| taproot system | one thick long root with smaller roots branching off it |
| root cap | protects the root from injury |
| stem | carries substnces btwn the plants roots and leaves; provides support for the plant; and holds up the leaes so they get sunlight |
| herbaceous stems | contain no wood and are soft |
| woody stems | hard and rigid |
| annual rings | represent a trees yearly growth; one pair of light and dark rings represents on years growth |
| leaves | capture suns energey and carry-out photosythesis |
| transpiration | process where water evaporates from a plants leaves |
| gymnosperm | seed plant that produces naked seeds; have needle-like/scalelike leaves; deep growing root systems |
| cycads | grow mainly in tropical and subtropical areas; look like plam trees with cones |
| conifers | cone-bearing; largest most divers group of gymnosperms; keep their leaves |
| ginkgoes | only one species alive today; tolerate air pollution |
| gneopytes | live in hot desers and tropical rain forests; either trees shrubs or vines |
| reproduction of gymnosperms | pollen falls from a male cone onto a female cone; a sperm cell and egg cell join together in an ovule; the seed develops on the scale of the female cone |
| angiosperms | have seeds protected in a fruit; produce flowers |
| sepal | protects the deeloping flower |
| petals | colorful; leaflike |
| stamen | male reproductive part |
| pistil | female part; found in the center of flowers; some flowers have two or more pistils |
| stigma | sticky tip of the istil |
| style | slender tube that connects the stigma to the ovary |
| ovary | protects the seeds as they develop |
| pollination of angiosperms | pollen falls on a flowers stigma; the sperm cell and egg cell join; the zygote develops into the embryo part of the seed |
| monocot | flowers have petals in multiples of three; have long slender leaves with veins running parallel; bundles of vascular tissue in stems are usually scattered randomly |
| dicots | have petals in either multiples of four or five; wide leaves veins branch out; stems have bundles of vasuclar tissue arranged in a ring |
Created by:
skittlebittle44
Popular Science sets