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PBS Lesson 1.2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adenine | A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as AT, and certain coenzymes. Chemically it is a purine base. |
| Chromosome | Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that contain the genetic material. |
| Cytosine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins. |
| Gel Electrophoresis | The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel. |
| Gene | A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses). |
| Guanine | A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base. |
| Helix | Something spiral in form. |
| Model | A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to analyze and solve problems or make predictions. |
| Restriction Enzyme | A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA. |
| Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) | Differences in DNA sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction enzymes). |
| Thymine | A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. |
| Nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |