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1st Semester Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Albuterol Drug Class | Bronchodialator |
| Albuterol MOA | Selective Beta 2 antagonist which stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympthomimetic nervous system, resulting in smooth muscle relaxation |
| Albuterol Indications | Respiratory distress, treatment of bronchospasm in pts with COPD |
| Albuterol Contraindications | Cardiac insufficiency, hypersensitivity |
| Albuterol Adverse Reactions | Restlessness, tremors, dizziness, palpations, tachycardia, nervousness, peripheral vasodialation, nausea, vomiting, hyperglycemia, increased BP, paradoxial bronchospasm |
| Albuterol How it's supplied | 2,5mG/3mL vial inhalation solution |
| Albuterol Adult Dosage/Administration | 2.5, may give more NPR nebulizer |
| Albuterol Ped Dosage/Administration | >18 mths 2.5 Nebulizer |
| Albuterol Onset | 5-15 min |
| Albuterol Peak Effect | 60-90 min |
| Albuterol Duration | 3-6 hours |
| Calcium Chloride Drug Class | Electrolyte |
| Calcium Chloride MOA | Increases cardiac contractile state |
| Calcium Chloride Indications | Calcium channel blocker toxicity, hypocalcemia when prompt increase in calcium plasma is required, combat hyperkalemia as the precipitant to cardiac arrest |
| Calcium Chloride Contraindications | V Fib arrest, digitalis toxicity |
| Calcium chloride Adverse Reactions | tingling sensations, calcium taste, "heat wave", peripheral dialation, burning sensation, moderate drop in BP |
| Calcium chloride supplied | 1Gm/10mL prefilled syringe |
| Calcium chloride dosage/administration Adult | Cardiac arrest, Evidence of ESRD w/ suspected hyperkalemia 1Gm SVT-1Gm over 5 min A Fib/Flutter 1Gm over 5 min OD- 20 mg/kg Slow IV/IO push |
| Calcium chloride Ped dosage/administration | 20mg/kg Slow IV/IO push |
| Calcium chloride onset | 3-5 min |
| calcium chloride peak effect | 5-15 min |
| calcium chloride duration | 4 hrs |
| Adenosine Class | Endogenous nucleoside |
| Adenosine MOA | slows conduction through AV node, interuption of reentry pathway through AV node, restores normal Sinus rhythm in pt with PSVT |
| Adenosine indications | conversion to NSR of PSVT, including that associated with accessory bypass tracts, conversion of wide complex Tachycardia of unknown origin |
| Adenosine contraindications | 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, sick sinus syndrome, hypersensitivity |
| Adenosine adverse reactions | sense of impending doom, flushing, chest pressure, throat tightness, numbness, brief period of asystole |
| Adenosine how its supplied | 6mg/2mL vial (3mg/mL) |
| Adenosine adult dosage/administration | 6mg over 1-2 seconds W/ 20mL saline flush. If conversion doesn't occur within 1-2 minutes, 12mg followed by 20mL flush. 12 mg dosage may be repeated rapid IV bolus |
| Adenosine Ped dosage/administration | .1 mg/kg over 1-2 sec with saline flush. .2 mg/kg may be given as second dosage if needed rapid IV bolus |
| adenosine onset | 30 seconds |
| adenosine duration | 10 seconds |
| adenosine peak effect | ??? |
| amiodarone class | antidysrhythmia |
| amiodarone MOA | prolongation of action potential, non competitive Alpha+Beta sympathetic blocking effects, blocks calcium channels |
| amiodarone indications | pts w/ absent VS and either VF or VT on monitor, suppression of VF refractory to defibrillation, suppression of VT refractory to defibrillation |
| amiodarone contraindications | hypothermia induced cardiac arrest, pt in renal failure, 2nd and 3rd degree heart block, medication induced ventricular dysrythmias, hypotension, bradycardia, Torsades de pointes, profound sinus bradycardia, known hypersensitivity |
| amiodarone adverse effects | hypotension, bradycardia, PEA, CHF, nausea, fever, thrombocytopenia, pulmonary fibrosis, accute respiratory distress syndrome |
| amiodarone how its supplied | 150 mg/3mL ampul, 150mg/3mL pre filled syringe |
| amiodarone adult dose/route | 300mg initial, 150mg if refractory or VF/VT returns Slow IV/IO push |
| amiodarone ped dose/route | pulseless arrest-5mg/kg VT-5mg/kg over 5 min (only with MC order) slow IV/IO push |
| amiodarone onset/peak effect/duration | 5-15 min/variable/variable |
| atropine sulfate class | anticholinergic agent |
| atropine MOA | inhibits aacetylcholine @ postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites, increases HR in bradycardic dysarrythmias, blocks acetylcholine excess in organophosphate poisoning |
| atropine indications | hemodynamically significant bradycardia, organophosphate poisoning, nerve gas exposure |
| atropine contraindications | tachycardia, hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma, unstable cardiovascular status in accute hemorrhage |
| atropine adverse effects | headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, tachycardia dysrythmias, blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, paradoxical bradycardia, flushed/hot/dry skin |
| atropine how its supplied | 1mg/10mL prefilled syringe, 2.1 mg DuoDote auto injector |
| atropine adult dose/route | bradycardia .5 mg IV bolus every 3-5 minutes PRN to max of 3mg total Organophosphate poisoning 2mg IV/IM every 5 minutes PRN |
| atropine Onset/peak effect/duration | immediate/1-2 minutes/2-6 hours |
| Aspirin class | Platelet inhibitor/NSAID |
| aspirin MOA | prostaglandin inhibition, prevents platelet formation |
| aspirin indications | chest pain suggstive of accute MI, pt w/ previous cardiac Hx presenting with chest pain consistent w/ cardiac ischemia |
| aspirin contraindications | hypersensitivity, GI bleed |
| aspirin adverse effects | heartburn, GI bleeding, nausea, vomiting, wheezing, prolonged bleeding |
| aspirin how its supplied | 81mg chewable tablets |
| aspirin adult dose and route | MI 324mg PO pain relief (analgesic) 325-600 mg every 4-6 hrs PO |
| aspirin ped dose and route | MI ???? analgesic 10-15 mg/kg every 4-6 hrs PO |
| aspirin onset/peak effect/duration | 5-30 min/1-3 hr/4-6 hr |
| Cipro Class | Synthetic Antimicrobial Agent |
| Cipro MOA | Treatment of exposure to microorganisms and anthrax inhalation |
| Cipro Indications | Treatment of infections caused by microorganisms, and postexposure inhalation anthrax |
| Cipro Contrindications | hypersensitivity |
| Cipro Adverse Reactions | Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, restlessness, rash |
| Cipro How it's supplied | 500mg tablets |
| Cipro Adult Dosage/ROute | 500mg q 12 hrs for 60 days for anthrax/PO |
| Cipro Ped Dosage/Route | 15mg/kg q 12 hrs for 60 days, 6-10mg/kg for infections/PO |
| Cipro duration | Up to 12 hrs |
| Doxycycline Class | tetracycline antibiotic |
| Doxycycline MOA | Antibiotic effects |
| Doxycycline Indications | Brucellosis, fever from biological agent, pneumonic plague, Typhoidial Tuleremia, Anthrax exposure, acne |
| Doxyxycline contraindications | Hypersensitivity |
| Doxycycline adverse effects | Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, dysphagia, enterocolitis, rash |
| Doxycycline How its supplied | 75, 100, 150 mg tablets |
| Doxycycline adult dose/route | 200mg first day, 100mg a day after that /PO |
| doxycycline ped dose/route | 4.4mg/kg first day, 2.2 mg/kg after that PO |
| Doxycycline onset, peak effect, duration | 1-2 hr/1.5-4 hr/12 hr |
| Captopril Class | ACE Inhibitor |
| Captopril MOA | Supression of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, afterload reduction, arterial vasodilaton |
| Captopril Indication | HTN, HTN associated w/ acute pulmonary edema |
| Captopril Contraindications | Hypersensitivity |
| captopril adverse effects | rash, fever, taste impairment, angioedema, cough, hypotension |
| Captopril how its supplied | 25mg tablet |
| captopril adult dose/route | 25mg/SL |
| captopril ped dose/route | not recommended |
| captopril onset/peak effect/duration | within 5 min/variable/variable |
| Dextrose 50% class | Hypertonic solution |
| Dextrose MOA | rapidly increases serum glucose levels |
| Dextrose indications | signs and symptoms consistent w/ hypoglycemia, confirmed hypoglycemia |
| dextrose contraindications | intracranial hemorrhage, increased intracranial pressure |
| dextrose adverse effects | extravasation leads to tissue necrosis, warmth, pain, burning, thrombophlebitis, rhabdomyositis |
| dextrose how its supplied | 25Gm/50mL prefilled syringe |
| dextrose adult dose/route | 25GM PRN/IV |
| dextrose ped dosage/route | <2yrs 1-2mL/kg 25% >2yrs 1-2mL/kg 50% |
| dextrose onset/peak effect/duration | <1 min/variable/variable |
| Diazepam(Valium)class | Benzodiazapine |
| Diazepam MOA | Potentiates effects of inhibitory neurotransmitters, raises seizure thresholds, induces amnesia and sedation |
| Diazepam Indications |
Created by:
JGreulich
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