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25 top drugs
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what medication should Aspirin not be combined with? | other anticoagulants because they increase bleeding. ex- coumadin and Heparin. Do not give to children with viral infection because they cause Reye syndrome! |
| common ANALGESICS | Morphine, NSAIDS(ibuprophen), and Morphine |
| things to know about NSAIDS? | Take with food to decrease GI upset; contraindicated for people with GI cond.;cause peripheral edema; and easy brusing ulcers |
| Morphine | A respiratory depressant. It should be withheld if the respiration are below 10 |
| ANTI-CONSULTANTS: Phenotonin(Dilantin) | Causes gum hyperplasia. Advice client to visit dentist frequently. ck CBC and kidney Fun; can cause hyperglycemia w/ long use; turn urine pink or brown; cause hypotension |
| ANTI-INFLAMMATORY Predisone | Causes Cushing like symptoms. Common side effects are immunosupression (monitor client for infection), hyperglycemia. used for Resp. disorders-asthma- autoimmune cond.; increases heart rate; |
| ANTI-COAGULANTS Heparin | Monitor pt’s lab work-PTT. Antidote is protamine sulfate; ck BP & HR because changes may indicate acute bleeding; give injection @90 degree angle 2 in from navel; dont take med with birth control-Phenytoin-or vitK because the above decrease Hep effects |
| ANTI-COAGULANTS Warfrin (Coumadin) | Monitor pt’s lab work—PT & INR. Antidote is Vitamin K. don't increase foods high in Vit K like cabbage- bruss sprouts- soybeans- |
| ANTI-PARKINSON Cogentin (Benztropine mesylate) *anticholinergic | Used to treat EPS; supresses tremors; causes urinary retention; causes hypertension- tachycardia- photophobia- urinary retention- constipaion |
| ANTI-PARKINSON Sinemet *anticholinergic | Drug is effective when tremors are not observed |
| Gentamicin (Garamycin) (IM, IV) Aminoglycosides antibiotic | Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, causes respiratory depression, rash/hypersensivit,y,use cautiously with pt who have Renal impairment, or hearing loss or Myasthenia Gravis ***dont use with other ottoxic meds like LoopDiuretics because hearing increases! |
| Erythomycin antiinfective-Macrolids | Hepatotoxicity(presents with abdominal pain-lethargt-juandice), GI discomfort take w/meals -->dont take w/theophylline, Carbamazepine Warfarin, and antihistamines because Erytho. stops the metabloism of these meds and will cause toxicity. or CA+ ch bl. |
| Dimenhydrinate-Dramine Antiemetis/antihistamine | treats motion sickness,po iv im, have sedation so no driving, anticholinergic effects(dry mouth,urinary retention,constipation). dont use together with CNS depressants like Opoids, alchol because they increase antiemetic effect! dont use w/antihyperten. |
| Alcohol withdrawl symptoms | nausea; vomiting; tremors; restlessness and-->increasedheart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and temperature;-->considered a medical emergency |
| Opioids, including heroin and prescription med withdrawl sys.; agitation, insomnia, flu-like symptoms, rhinorrhea, yawning, sweating, and diarrhea. detox meds>Chlordiasepoixide, Diazepam(Valium), Lorazepam(Ativan), Carbamazepine(tegretol), clonidine, | medications for alcohol detox |
| side effect & contraindations to watch for while taking Albuterol | inhaled agents have verylittle effect, but oral meds can cause palpitaitons. dont consume caffine while on med because will increase palpitaions. use cautiously with diabetics, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, and angina pts. |
| which meds should not be used along with Albuterol? | beta blockers(propranolol) because the negate the efects of the abuterol |
| what medications when combined with Abuterol increase the risk for tachycardia and Angina | MAOI's and trycyclic andtdepressants |
| Theophylline | relaxation of bronchial muscle, treats long term chronic asthma. oral/iv-emercency not used for rescue> watch serum levels 5-20 if dose above normal range can cause dysrhythmias and seizures. |
| medications that increase Theophylline serum levels? | Cimetidine-tagamet; ciprodloxacin-cipro;and also caffine |
| Medication that decreased Theophylline levels? | Phenobarbital and Phenytoin, if pt is onthes meddication the Theophylline dose will need to be increased! |
| manifestations of Anaphylaxis? | anxiety, itching, confusion, nausea vomiting,low pulse and difficulty breathing! |
| what medications treat Myasthenia Gravis, Parkinsons and seizures? | Cholinesterase inhibitors, these medication work to improve nerve transmission. Neostigmine-Prostigmin---->endings gmin and -nium med not used on asthmatics, pt with peptic ulcers,GI issues, coronary insufficiency. |
| Muscarinic stimulation | an increase in GI motility GI screetions, brdycardia, and urinary urgency. these are side effects of Cholinesterase inhibitors. |
| Neostigmine (treats myasthenia gravis) overdose is treated with what med? | Atropine |
| Scopolamine patch application | place behind ear for motion sickness( its a anticholonergic)leave patch on for 3 days and preplace on opposite ear. |
| loop diuretics that promote urination | Furosemide-Lasix; Bumetanide-Bumex; Torsemide-Demadex |
| Osmotic diuretic used to decrease ICP? | Mannitol. |
Created by:
VRoberts
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