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7 Scientific Method
Scientific Method Steps and Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| scientific method | a series of steps that scientists follow to answer a question or solve a problem |
| hypothesis | an explanation that is based upon prior scientific research or observations that can be tested; a possible explanation or answer to a question that can be tested; a clear statement of what you expect the answer to your question to be |
| variable | the factor in an experiment that is being tested |
| manipulated variable | also known as the independent variable – the variable that you purposely change (Remember with “IM purposely changing.”) |
| responding variable | also known as the dependent variable – the factor that may change as a result of the manipulated variable (Remember with “The DR is expected.”) |
| control group | also known as the control – the setup with “normal” conditions; conditions are NOT being changed in this setup; this group is used for comparison. |
| experimental group | the setup whose conditions you manipulate, or change, during an experiment |
| constant | conditions that are kept the same in the experimental and control group so you have a controlled experiment |
| controlled experiment | an experiment that tests only one variable at a time; A controlled experiment is properly done if all conditions are the same for the control group and the experimental group, except for the manipulated variable. |
| data | the information or measurements that a scientist collects during the experiment; must be based on observations, not inferences. Data is collected and presented in many different forms such as tables, graphs, drawings, written descriptions, etc |
| conclusion | your final decision regarding the results of your experiment. (Did your results support your hypothesis?) |
| Step 1 | State the problem. (Ask a question.) |
| Step 2 | Research (gather information) about the problem. |
| Step 3 | Form a hypothesis. (Usually an “If . . ., then . . .” statement.) |
| Step 4 | Perform the experiment to test the hypothesis. Collect data as you perform the experiment. |
| Step 5 | Analyze the data. |
| Step 6 | Draw conclusions. |
| Step 7 | Communicate your results. |
| Step 8 | Possibly repeat the work. |
Created by:
lifescience2011
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