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A&P2 Reproductive

Practice for A&P2 reproductive and DNA practical test at DelTech Owens campus.

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the seminal vesicles in males? They secrete part of the fluid that becomes semen; this fluid may form a spermicidal plug in the female during sex.
What is the function of seminiferous tubules in males? They are located in the testes and form sperm.
What is the function of the prostate in males? It is an accessory gland that produces 1/3 of semen volume and fluids that activate sperm.
What is the function of the vas deferens in males? It propels sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of ejaculation and joins to the urethra.
What is the function of the bulbuorethral gland in males? It produces a thick, clear mucus called "pre-ejaculate" that lubricates the urethra and reduces vaginal acidity.
What is the prepuce in males? Foreskin. (In females, it is the clitoral hood.)
What is the function of the urethra in males? It is a tube that carries fluids like semen and urine to the exterior.
What is the scrotum in males? It houses the testes and epididymes.
What is the function of the penis in males? Sexual intercourse and urination.
What is the endometrium in females? It is the mucous membrane lining the uterus with simple columnar and connective tissues. It sloughs off monthly.
What is the myometrium in females? A thick layer of uterine smooth musculature.
What is the labia majoris in females? They enclose the labia minor, contain sebaceous glands and sweat glands. It literally means "larger lips."
What is the labia minora in females? They cover the clitoris, contain vestibular glands for moisture.
What is the clitoris in females? A small, protruding structure composed largely of erectile tissue (glans clitoris).
What are Bartholin glands in females? Also called greater vestibular glands, these lubricate the vestibule for intercourse.
What is the function of ovaries in females? They contain immature eggs.
What are fallopian tubes in females? Oviducts that catch eggs and transport them to the uterus for fertilization.
What is the function of mammary glands in females? Produce milk.
Which hormone stimulates the gonads to produce gametes? Gonadotropic releasing hormone (GnRH)
Increased levels of these hormones signify that ovulation is about to begin. Estrogen and progesterone.
Which hormone promotes maturation of gametes? FSH - follicle stimulating hormone
Which hormone stimulates production of testosterone in the testes? LH
What is removed in male circumcision? The prepuce or foreskin.
What is removed in female circumcision? The clitoris, both labias (minora and majoris), and the urethra.
On what days does menses occur in females during a 28 day menstrual cycle? Days 1-5 and 28
On what days does ovulation occur in females during a 28 day menstrual cycle? Day 14
On what days does the endometrium layer begin building during a 28 day menstrual cycle? Days 6-14
On what days does the endometrium plump up for implantation during a 28 day menstural cycle? Days 15-28
What hormone level decreases before the shedding of the endometrium? LH
What layer of the uterus experiences cramping and labor pains in women? Myometrium (myo=muscle)
What is the medical term for the womb? Uterus
What is the medical term for the birth canal? Vagina
What do the alkaline secretions of the prostate do to the vagina? Lower acidity to increase survival rate of sperm.
What is the function of the cremaster muscles in men? Draws up the testes when it's cold. Wait...SERIOUSLY???
What is the function of the dartos muscles in men? Wrinkles the scrotum when cold.
What are the male gonads called? Testes
What are the female gonads called? Ovaries.
What are the male gametes called? Sperm.
What are the female gametes called? Ova.
What are the male and female erectile organs called? Penis in males and clitoris in females.
What are the mucus-secreting glands called? Greater vestibular or bulbuorethral glands.
On a DiaScreen test (urine stick test) negative scores for all chemical measurements are normal or abnormal? Normal
On a DiaScreen test (urine stick test) a specific gravity between 1.001 and 1.030 is normal or abnormal? Normal
On a DiaScreen test (urine stick test) a pH of 6.0 is normal or abnormal? Normal
This word refers to a gene for a specific trait on a chromosome. Two of them determine the trait the person has. allele
This term refers to the number of chromosomes contained in a typical cell. diploid (meaning two)
A gene that will be expressed even if it is inherited from only one parent (meaning you have one copy of this gene from one parent but another gene from the other) is __. dominant
A section of a strand of DNA that codes for traits is called a __. gene
The code or message on the gene is called a __. It is usually depicted with letters. genotype
Having one of a type of chromosome instead of two (or diploid) chromosomes is called __. haploid
Having different alleles on both chromosomes is called ? heterozygous
Having the same allele on both chromosomes is called ? homozygous
The expression of the message on the gene is called a ? phenotype
The gene that will only be expressed if 2 are present is called ? (Hint: the opposite of dominant) recessive
A diagram that is used to predict the outcome of a particular breeding experiment is called a ? punnet square http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ksIajiPUAU
When a genotype is expressed in letters, the capital letter indicates a __ genotype. dominant
On a Lugol's Test, a dark blue-black sample means that ? starch is present
On a Lugol's Test, if the sample remains light brown in color, then that means ? starch is NOT present
On a Benedict's Test, if the sample turns a cloudy green-orange color, that means ? maltose is present
On a Benedict's Test, if the sample remains a bright blue color, that means ? maltose is NOT present
After giving birth, how long does it take for the uterus to return to its original shape? 9 weeks
The process whereby the uterus returns to its normal shape after giving birth is called ? involution of the uterus
True or false: There are no glands inside the vagina. True
True or false: In mitosis, you always end up with the same number of chromosome in a cell at the end of the process as you started with. True
In meiosis, will you end with the same number of chromosomes in each cell as you started with? No
What 2 functions do the testes perform? spermatogenesis and secretion of hormones, like testosterone
What 3 things are contained in the seminiferous tubules? germ cells, sertoli cells, cells of Leydig
What hormone stimulates the production of sperm? FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone)
Germ cells in the seminiferous tubules become ? sperm
Androgen binding protein helps concentrate ? sperm
Cells of Leydig are responsible for the production of ? testosterone
Cells of Leydig are controlled by what hormone? (HINT: its the same hormone as LH in females, but in males, it is called something else.) ICSH (interstitial cell stimulating hormone)
Where do sperm mature? the epididymis
The ductus deferens is part of the ? spermatic cord
The ductus deferens carries sperm behind the __ and joins to the urethra. bladder
Where is sperm stored until ejaculation? ductus deferens
Smooth muscle contractions propel what? sperm
Inhibin is secreted by ? Sertoli cells
Testosterone causes closure of the ? epiphyses (ends of a long bone)
What hormone has a mild stimulating effect on kidney tubule reabsorption of sodium and water? testerone
Testosterone promotes kidney tubule excretion of ? potassium
The acrosome (head of a sperm) contains ? hyaluronidase
Hyaluronidase, contained in a sperm's acrosome, does what to cervical mucus? breaks it down
The head of a sperm contains the genetic material, or the ? nucleus
The midpiece of a sperm contains a mitochondria for ? energy
The tail, or flagellum, of a sperm is used for ? locomotion
The only cell in the human body that has a flagellum is called ? sperm
During ejaculation, how many milliliters of semen come out? 2-5 ml
With each ejaculation, how many sperm come out? 50-120 million
If there is less than 20-15 million sperm in an ejaculation, the male is functionally ? sterile/infertile
60% of semen is ? seminal vesicle fluid
30% of semen is ? prostatic fluid
5% of semen is produced by ? testes, epididymes, Bulbourethral glands
What are the 3 columns of erectile tissue in the penis? 2 columns=corpus cavernosum 1 column=corpus spongiosum
The corpus spongiosum surrounds the ? urethra
The glans penis is continuous with the ? corpus spongiosum
Erection of the penis is initiated by ? parasympatheic reflex
After ejaculation, the __ is the period during which he cannot attain another erection. refractory period
There are 3 names for the fallopian tubes. The other 2 names are ? ovaduct, uterine tubes
An immature ovum, or egg cell, in called a ? oocyte
Several oocytes develop each ? month
After the follicle bursts and releases an oocyte, it is called an ? ovum
The __ contains the ovarian follicles that contain the oocytes. cortex
The medulla contains ? blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves
Meiosis in the ovarian cycle is completed when the head of the __ is drawn into the ovum during fertilization. sperm
Cells of ruptured follicle enlarge and change into a golden-colored body of the corpus luteum during what phase of the ovarian cycle? luteal phase
The follicle cells surrounding the oocyte proliferate and start secreting estrogens and small amounts of progesterone during which phase of the ovarian cycle? follicular phase
Ovaries are NOT continous with the ? oviducts or fallopian tubes
The __ catch eggs and transport them to the uterus. fallopian tubes or oviducts
A funnel-like end in the peritoneal cavity is called the ? infundibulum
The inner surface of the __ is ciliated mucous membrane, or fringe. Fimbriae or Fimbria
The 3 layers of the uterus are ? perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
The perimetrium is the __ layer. serous
The bottom-most part of the uterus is called the ? cervix
The tissue pad covering the symphysis pubis is called ? mons pubis
A 28 cycle is also called a ? endometrial cycle
A fertilized ovum is called a ? zygote
The zygote represents the first __ of a genetically complete new individual. cell
The tissue that separates the maternal and fetal blood supplies is called ? placenta
The placenta secretes large amounts of __ early in pregnancy. (HCG) human chorionic gonadotropin
What is detected by a pregnancy test? HCG
HCG secretion peaks about __ weeks after fertilization. 8 or 9
To keep estrogen and progesterone levels high enough to prevent menstruation during pregnancy, the __ has to secrete high levels of HCG. placenta
After 3 months of pregnancy, the __ __ has degenerated and the placenta has completely taken over secretion of estrogen and progesterone. corpus luteum
Parturition is __ the baby. birthing
Menstruation begins in __. puberty, about age 13
Menstrual flow begins during ? menarche
Menstruation recurs every 28 days for __ years. 30
Menstrual flow stops altogether during ? menopause
Menopause occurs around what age? 45-50
Menstruation begins around age 13, but can happen as early as ? age 9
A woman is officially deemed to be in menopause if she has not menstruated for how long? 1 year
Learn more about mitosis/meiosis at these websites: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ba9LXKH2ztU
http://www.biologycorner.com/worksheets/meiosis2_key.html http://www.diffen.com/difference/Meiosis_vs_Mitosis
How can you remember the difference between meiosis and mitosis? Mitosis happens at the tips of your fingers (T in mitosis for tip). Meiosis happens to make eggs (E in meiosis for egg).
Created by: IsaacJ
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