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FCSDGeo-W, Er & Dep

Weathering, Erosion, & Deposition vocabulary (4)

TermDefinition
abrasion form of physical weathering caused by friction between rock particles
agent of erosion medium, such as water, wind, or glacial ice, that transports weathered sediments
bedrock solid layer of rock that extends into Earth; found beneath the soil
chemical weathering change in the chemical composition of a rock caused by adjustment to conditions at Earth's surface
deposition settling or release of sediments by an agent of erosion
erosion transportation of weathered material (sediments) by water, wind, or ice away from their place of origin
flotation transportation of sediments along the surface of a stream
frost action (wedging) form of physical weathering in climates with seasonal temperature changes alternately above & below 0 degrees C; AKA frost wedging
frost wedging form of physical weathering in climates with seasonal temperature changes alternately above & below 0 degrees C; AKA frost action
glacial erratic large rock that has been transported by a glacier
glacier large mass of flowing ice
graded bedding layers of sediment that change from coarse particles at the bottom of each layer to progressively finer particles toward the top
horizontal sorting gradual change in the size, density, & shape of particles depositied when a stream slows on reaching calm water; largest, most dense & roundest settle first while the smaller, least dense & flatter particles are carried farther out into the calm water
humus organic remains that are part of the soil
ice age long period of Earth's history when ice sheets covered large areas of the continents
leaching process by which groundwater carries dissolved minerals deeper into the soil as the water infiltrates the ground
mass movement (wasting) downhill movement of rock, or sediment without being carried by water, wind, or ice
meander natural looping bend, or s-shaped curve, in a stream
outcrop bedrock exposed at the surface because it is not covered by soil
physical weathering mechanical breakdown of rocks without a change in chemical composition
precipitate salt crystals that form & settle out of solution
precipitation sedimentary process that involves substances settling out of a saturated solution
residual soil soil that remains on top of the bedrock from which it formed
sediment accumulation of particles of weathered rock, organic remains, or both; rock fragments
soil weathered rock mixed with organic remains at the top of the lithosphere
soil horizon layer within the soil showing a particular stage of soil development
solution mixture in which that particles are so small they cannot be filtered out of the water
sorted separated by partcle size or other characteristics
stream discharge quantity of water flowing past a certain point in a stream per unit of time
stream velocity speed at which a stream flows
striation parallel scratches on the surface of a rock caused by the movement of a glacier
suspension fluid containing large particles that can be filtered but the particles are too small to settle on their own
till unsorted sediments depostied directly by glacial ice
transported soil soil eroded & deposited away from its parent bedrock
unsorted deposit sediment left by melting glacial ice usually containing a mixture of clay, sand, cobbles, and boulders
vertical sorting sorting of particles from bottom to top in a layer; roundest, largest & densest are on the bottom & flattest, smallest & lest dense are at the top of each layer
weathering breakdown of rock due to physical or chemical change
Created by: fcsdklw
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