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Peds Boces
Med-surg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What virus affects mainly children 6mos-2yrs, occurs in fall and winter, causes most bronchiolitis and is treated with a humidity tent, Ribovarin, bronchodilators and corticosteroids? | RSV (respiratory syncytical virus) |
| What is laryngotrachebronchitis (LTB) most commonly called? | Croup - uncontrollable coughing fits, barking sounds. Cool air humidifier. Aspiration precautions. |
| How serious can epiglotitis be? | Life threatening, trach tray at bedside. |
| What is myelomeningocele? | Most common type spina bifida. Small sac of fluid extends through spine. |
| What is hydocephalus? | Buildup of fluid in brain. Frequently associated with myelomeningocele. |
| Respiratory distress syndrome in newborns is usually attribuited to what? | Premature birth, kungs not fully developed. |
| How is RDS treated? | Surfactant replacement and ventillation. |
| What is pyloric stenosis? | Thickening of pyloric muscles, trapping food in stomach. S/S Observation of peristalsis, projectile vomiting and olive-shaped mass. |
| To treat GER (gastroesophageal reflux) in an infant, what is usually added to formula or expressed breastmilk? | Cereal |
| What is intussusception? | Intestines collapsing in on itself. S/S currant jelly stool, drawing up legs, severe crying with pain. |
| What is Hirschprung's disease? | Absence of parasympathetic innervation of section of bowels. Tx with resection of affected part. |
| What is cradle cap? | Seborrheic dermatitis. Tx with mineral oil. |
| What is talipes? | Commonly known as club foot. Congenital deformation. Casts applied soon after birth and changed weekly. |
| What is Duchenne's MD? | Rapidly progressive MD affecting mostly boys. |
| What is Gower's sign? | Telltale sign of Duchenne's MD. Very difficult to get up from a sitting or lying position on the floor. First pull up to their hands and knees. The child walks his/her hands up their legs to brace themselves as they rise to a standing position |
| In assessing meningitis, what are the classical S/S of meningeal irritation? | Brudzinski's sign, Kernig's sign, nuchal rigidity and photophobia. |
| How long after ABX tx is started in child with meningitis will they remain isolated? | 24 hours |
| What is cerebral palsey? | congenital motor dysfunction.Developmental disabilities, persistent primative reflexes, arched back, unsteady gait, involuntary movements, heart and vision problems. |
| Best place to check for pulse in infant? | Brachial artery |
| S/S of ICP in infant after injury? | Drowsiness, vomiting, bulging fontanelle, high-pitched screams |
| What should a child with asthma be taught? | Take maeds regularly, always have inhaler, avoid cold drinks, identify early signs of attack, avoid allergens. |
| What lab will be checked in assessing hemophilia? | PTT |
| S/S and Tx of leukemia. | Anemia, infection, bleeding. Tx with chemo/bone marrow transplant |
| Pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis? | Excessive secretion of thick mucus = blockages in various organs/systems. |
| Test for CF? | Sweat test for chloride, stool for fat, X-ray. |
| May be first sign of CF. | Meconium illeus |
| Due to malabsorption of protein and fats, what Tx will child with CF receive? | Pancreatic enzymes before meals and snacks. |
| Other Tx for CF? | Albuterol, mucinex,fluids, avoid cough suppressants, High cal and protein/moderate fat diet, bronchial drainage. |
| How shouild bronchial drainage be performed? | 15 minutes before meals and bedtime, lie on side, head lowered, drain opposite lung (rt side=left lung),chest physiotherapy, exercise |
| Complications of CF? | Bleeding problems, cor pulmonale, rectal prolapse, diabetes, osteoposrosis, resp failure. |
| What would be a concern for parents of child with cleft palate? | Impaired attachment |
| How should child be fed post-op repair cleft palate? | Dropper, Brecht feeder, syringe, cup. |
| Post-op care cleft palate? | Clean suture line, Side-lying/supine position, arm safety devices, Logan's bar to reduce scarring by keeping sutures in place. |
| Additional long term concerns cleft palate? | Dental problems, speech and language problems, ear infections |
| What is Tetrology of Fallot? | Congenital heart defect including four signs: pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta, ventricular septal defect, right ventricle hypertrophy |
| Common signs of Tetrology of Fallot? | Cyanosis at birth, squatting as they get older. |
| A child assessed as hypertensive at a well child visit should have what intervention? | Schedule two more BP readings. |
| How could you best assess urine output in infant? | Weigh diaper |
| What is the drop factor for peds tubing? | 60 gtts/ml |
Created by:
shocklori
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