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Climate Ch1,2

GEOGRAPHY 501 Climate Change Mathez Chapter 1 and 2

QuestionAnswer
Lving Mass Biosphere
Solid Earth Lithosphere
Sea Level Cryosphere
Carbon Cycle Flow of Carbon amont the various reservoirs
99.9 percent of the carbon exists in lithosphere
Feedbacks amplify and diminish effects of hte climate change
Different time scales represent climate phenomena
Daily Warm days and cool nights due to solar heating on Earth rotation
3-7 Weather events such as passage of fronts
Months Eastward propagating weather disturbances acrss tropical Indian and Pacific oceans
Yearly Warm summers, cool winters, precipitation due tils of Earth spin axis
26-36 months periodic wind and temperature oscilations in the equatorial stratosphere due to the internal atmosphere dynamics
2-7 years El Nino Events
El Nino Accounts for oscilations in equatorial Pacific Oceans
1-3 decades NAO
NOA North Atlantic Oscilations
Centuries Irregular Fluctuations
Irregular Fluctuations are due the solar irradiance
Major gases methane, ozone, water vapor
Greenhouse gases reside mostly in the tropospehere
troposphere relative height 10-15 kilometers
Why climate is warming energy is trapped in the atmosphere wather than escaping in space
Is warming a regional or global phenomenon? global
Redistributions of heat are due ENSO, and NOA
Rising Sea Levels are waht scale? 2.6 plus minus 0.4 mm per year
IPCC United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Megadraughts SW America Experienced them about 1000 years ago
Tipping points large abrupt shifts in climate response factors
Holecene Climate of the past 11,600 years
Complex societies have been around 6000 years
Paleoclimate tree rings cave deposits
Composition of the atmosphere from lowest to highest Troposphere - Stratosphere - Mesosphere - Thermosphere
Tropopause (height facts) 16 - 18 km in the tropics 8-10 km in the polar regions
Stratosphere extends 50 km
Is the UV light lethal? Yes
What protects UV light? ozone
When was ozone layer developed? 400 - 500 million years ago
Mesosphere height 85 kilometers
Thermosphere minute fraction of the atmosphere but extends only 500 km
Decrease of the temperature in the troposphere 6.5 Degrees Celsium per kilometer
Minimum temperature of the mesosphere -100 degrees Celsius
Maximum Thermosphere temperature 1500 Degrees
Hyrdogen molecule critical property negligent mass
Where and how does the weather originate? Weather is originated from the thermal motions in the troposhere
Where the sulfate aerosols are coming from?... Volcanic tops
Atmosphere .... 78 percent nitrogen 21 percent 21 oxygen, less then percent of argon
The amount of water vapor in the air is referred as humidity
What happens with presure at the higher altitude? It decreases
Easterlies (trade winds) winds that blows from east to west
At what latitude the trade winds blow?... 30 to 60 degrees
Low pressure.... subpolar lows
Earth Rotation is known as the... Coriolis effect
What happens to air during the Coriolis Effect? air is deflected
What happens to the air during the convective circulations? Rising of the warm low density air and sinking the high density air
What is the name of the process that explains the convective circulations? Hadley Cells
What is the name of the process where Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere meet near the equator.. Intertropical Convergence Zone
Created by: VsevolodFreedom
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