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Lymph/Immune Sys
Lymphatic & Immune
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allergen | Antigen that induces an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction |
| Allergy | Hypersensitivity due to exposure to an allergen.Results in harmful immunologic conseq. such as severe inflammation or tissue damage. |
| Antibody(Ab) | Protein molecule synthesized by plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes. in response to intro of antigen. |
| Five Types of antibodies(aka immunoglobulin) | IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM |
| Antigen(Ag) | Capable of eliciting an immune response. Reacts with immune cells or antibodies, antibody generator. |
| Antigenic determinant | site on antigen that binds to antibody and determines immunologic specificity. |
| Antigen presenting cell(APC) | migratory cell that process and presents antigens to lymphocytes during an immune response. includes macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells. |
| Appendix | Worm like tube attached to cecum that contains masses of lymphoid tissue. |
| Autoimmune disease | Disorder in which normal tissue is destroyed by production of antibodies or T cells that attack the body's own tissue. |
| Basophil | Granular white blood cell that releases histamine and other mediators of inflammation. Contains heparin and has basic blueish stain. |
| B cell | lymphocyte that becomes immunocompetent in bone marrow.Can become clone of antibody producing plasma cells or memory B cells |
| Chemotaxis | Movement of cells toward chemical substance |
| Cisterna chyli | Large lymph sac on L1 & L2 vertebrae. Receives lymph drainage from digestive organs via intestinal trunk and two lumbar lymphatic trunks |
| Complement | Group of blood proteins which form membrane attack complex that leads to cytolysis of target cell and enhances inflammatory and immune responses |
| Cytokine | Hormonelike protein involved in cell mediated immune respnses such as interferon, interleukin, and lymphokine |
| Cytotoxic T cell | lymphocyte that kills foreign cells, cancer cells, virus infected body cells |
| Dendritic cell | antigen presenting cell with long branchlike projections, on skin, mucosal linings, lymph nodes |
| Diapedisis | Passage of white blood cells thru intact blood vessel walls into tissue |
| Eosinophil | WBC that kills parasitic worms and destrous antigen antibody complexes |
| Hapten | small moecule not antigenic by itself. Binds to carrier protein can stimulate antibody production and activate T cells. (incomplete antigen) |
| Helper T cell | lymphocyte that helps cellular immunity by direct contact with other lymphocytes and releasing cytokines. |
| Histamine | causes vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and constriction of bronchioles. Found in basophils, mast cells, and platelets. Released when cells injured. |
| Immunocompetent | Ability to mount normal immune response |
| Inflammation | Protective response to tissue injury characterized by redness, swelling, pain, and heat |
| Interferon (IFN) | Cytokines released by virus infected cells that protect body cells from viral replication |
| Interstitial fluid (IF) | Fluid between cells |
| Lymph | Fluid in lymphatic vessels returned to blood. |
| Lymph node | small bean shaped lymphatic organ that filters lymph. surrounded by fibrous capsule with trabeculae that divide cortex into compartments. |
| Lymph node locations | large clusters occur in inguinal, axillary, and cervical regions |
| Compartments of medulla cortex which house lymph node | macrophages and dendritic cells throughout node, outer cortex has follicles with germinal centers where B cells divide, deeper cortex contains T cells, medulla contains activated B cells and plasma cells |
| Lymphatic capillary | vessel with flaplike minivalves that begins in spaces between cells and returns lymph to the blood. |
| Lymphatic vessels | Vessels that convey the lymph which anastomose freely with each other |
| Lymphocyte | wbc that carry out immune responses |
| macrophage | actively phagocytic cell widely distributed in body. derived from monocytes |
| Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) | glycoproteins on nucleated cells that are involved in immune responsiveness to antigens, and compatibility of transplanted tissues. |
| Mast cell | Immune cell. Releases histamine during inflammation. Hypersensitivity reactions |
| Memory cell | clone of B or T cell that provides enhanced immune reactions when reexposed to an antigen |
| Monocyte | WBC. Phagocyte that develops into macrophae in tissues |
| Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue(MALT) | Lymphatic nodules scattered throughout lamina propria (connective tissue) of mucouse membranes lining gastrointestinal tract, respiratory airways, urinary tract, and reproductive tract. |
| Natural killer cell | lymphocyte capable of killing a cell without prior sensitization to it. |
| Neutrophil | active phagocyte. increases during acute infection. most abundant WBC. |
| Opsonization | binding of antibodies and/or completment to cells to enhance phagocytosis |
| Peyer patches | lymphoid follicles in ileum of small intestine |
| Plasma Cell | Develops from B lymphocyte (B cell) and produces antibodies |
| Red bone marrow | primary lymphoid organ that produces all blood cells. site where B cells mature and develop immunocompetence. |
| Reticular connective tissue | many cell types on a network of reticular fibers. |
| Function of reticular conncective tissue | internal skeleton of organs, protection against disease, and removal of worn out cells. |
| Location of reticular connective tissue | lymphoid organs lymph nodes spleen, and bone marrow |
| right lymphatic duct | drains lymph from right arm and right side of head and thorax. Empties into right brachiocephalic vein |
| Septicemia | Disease caused by pathogens and their toxins circulating blood. (aka sepis or blood poisoning) |
| Spleen | Largest lymphoid organ. Blood cleansing, immune surveillance and response |
| T cell | lymphocyte becomes immunocompetent in thymus. can develop into clone of other t cells |
| Thoracic duct | largest lymph vessel in body that drains lymph from left side of body, abdomen and both lower limbs |
| Thymus | lymphoid organ and endocrine gland that produces hormones thymosin, thymopoietin, and thymulin(thymic factor). Stimulate differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes (T cells) |
| Tonsils | Five collections of lymphoid follicles that from ring in oropharynx. |
Created by:
kimartin1
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