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Normocytic anemia.

Normocytic anemia

QuestionAnswer
what is Normocytic anemia? Anemia with normal-sized RBCs (MCV = 80- 100micro cubic meter)
Normocytic anemia can be due to increased peripheral destruction or underproduction. distinguish? Reticulocyte count helps to distinguish between these two etiologies.
what are reticulocytes? young RBC- larger than nomal with residual RNA and have a bluish color
what is the normal reticulocyte count? and what happens in anemia? Normal reticulocyte count (RC) is 1-2%.A properly functioning marrow responds to anemia by increasing the RC to >3%.
How is RC measured? RC is measured as percentage of total RBCs; decrease in total RBCs falsely elevates percentage of reticulocytes.
How is the RC level corrected? RC is corrected by multiplying reticulocyte count by Hct/45. 1. Corrected count> 3% indicates good marrow response and suggests peripheral destruction. 2. Corrected count < 3% indicates poor marrow response and suggests underproduction.
Peripheral destruction of RBC has two types name them ? extravascular and intravascular hemolysis; result in anemia with a good marrow response.
What is extravascular hymolysis? Extravascular hemolysis involves RBC destruction by the reticuloendothelial system (macrophages of the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes).
Describe extravascular hemolysis Macrophages break RBC.Globin is broken to amino acids.Heme is broken into iron and protoporphyrin; iron recycled.Protoporphyrin -->unconjugated bilirubin, which is bound to serum albumin and delivered to liver for conjugation and excretion into bile.
Lab findings for extravascular hymolysis? Anemia with splenomegaly, jaundice due to unconjugated bilirubin, and increased risk for bilirubin gallstones ii. Marrow hyperplasia with corrected reticulocyte count > 3%
what is intravascular hemolysis? Intravascular hemolysis involves destruction of RBCs within vessels. Hb +Haptaglobin and the blood takes it to the spleen to be reprocessed.(in very small amounts)Eventually in blood
Lab findings for intravascular hemolysis Hemoglobinemia,Hemoglobinuria,Hemosiderinuria-Renal tubular cells pick up hemoglobin filtered in the urine and break it down into iron,Fe accumulates as hemosiderin; tubular cells later shed resulting in hemosiderinuria,Decreased serum haptoglobin
Created by: atayal
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