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Blood Terms A&P
Blood Terms of Human Body
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ABO | Presence or absence of A & B antigens. Consist of O,A, B, and AB |
| Agglutination | Clumping of cells in suspension. Induced by crosslinking of cells by agglutinating antibodies(agglutinins) |
| Albumin | Most abundant plasma protein. Regulates osmotic pressure of blood. |
| Anemia | Reduced oxygen carrying ability of blood. |
| Hemorrhagic anemia | caused by sudden hemorrhage |
| Hemolytic anemia | caused by increased rate of RBC destruction. |
| Pernicious amemia | caused by lack of vitamin B12 or intrinsic factor |
| Aplastic anemia | caused by defective regeneration of bone marrow |
| Iron deficiency anemia | inadequate hemoglobin in RBCs due to lack of iron, slow prolonged bleeding(heavy menstrual or bleeding ulcer) |
| Sickle cell anemia | genectic disease with sickle-shaped erythocytes & accelerated hemolysis. |
| Basophil | WBCs releases histamine & other infammations, contains anticoagulant heparin,basic stain is blueish |
| Chemotaxis | movement of cells toward chemical substance |
| Coagulation | Blood clotting |
| Diapedesis | Passage of WBCs thru blood vessel walls into tissue. |
| Embolism | Obstruction of blood vessel by an embolus |
| Embolus | Plug of detached thrombus or foreign body transported by blood |
| Eosinophil | WBCs that kill parasitic worms, destroy antigen-antibody complexes, acid stain called eosin and stain red. |
| Erythrocytes | RBCs that transport most of the oxygen to cells & 1/4 CO2 away from cells |
| Erythropoiesis | Formation of RBC; produce erthrocytes which requires iron, B12 9(cobalamin), B9(folic acid) |
| Erythropoietin(EPO) | Hormone produced by kidneys and liver due to low O2 |
| Fibrin | Fibrous insoluble protein formed during blood clotting;Enzyme thrombin convertsfibrinogen into fibrin, which forms the threads of the blood clot. |
| Globulins | Family of plasma proteins(transport proteins and antibodies) |
| Hematocrit | percentage of erythrocytes to total blood volume |
| Hematopoiesis | Blood cell prodcution. Occurs in red bone marrow after birth. aka(hemaopoiesis) |
| Hemoglobin | Iron respiratory protein. Binds O2 in red blood cells. (a tetramer) |
| Histamine | Causes vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, constriction of bronchioles. Found in basophils, mast cells, platelets that release it when cells are injured. |
| Heparin | Natural anticoagulant secreted into blood by basophils. Without it blood clots. |
| Leukemia | Progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes (cancer of WBCs) |
| Leukocytes | WBCs involved in body protection:phagocytosis, inflammation, immune responses. All are a type of WBCs. |
| Leukopoiesis | Formation of types of leukocytes(WBCs) |
| Lymphocyte | WBC carries out immune response (type of leukocyte) |
| Macrophage | phagocytic cells abundant in body. precent antigens to lymphocytes. Derived from moncytes. |
| Monocyte | WBC. Phagocyte develops into macrophage in tissues. |
| Neutrophil | WBC. Phogocyte increases rapidly during acute infection. Most abundant type of WBCs. mixture of acidic and basic stains pale lilac. |
| Plasma | noncellular fluid of circulating blood |
| Platelet(Thrombocyte) | Cell fragment lacking a nucleus found in blood and involved in clotting. |
| Polycythemia | Abnormal increase in RBCs(hematocrit above 55%) |
| Red bone marrow | lymphoid organ produces blood cells. in between trabeculae of spongy bone tissue. |
| Rh blood group | Subclassification of blood based on presence or absence of inherited Rh antigen(D antigen) on red blood cells. Two blood types:Rh+, Rh- |
| Septicemia | growth of pathogenic organisms in blood.(Sepsis or blood poisoning. |
| Serum | Clear fluid of blood obtained after coagulation and centrifugation. Removes fibrin clot and blood cells. |
| Thrombosis | formation of thrombus |
| Thrombus | stationary clot in unbroken blood vessel. Does not obstruct the vessel. |
Created by:
kimartin1
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