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Ch. 25 vocabulary
Viral Diseases of the Respiratory Tract
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adenoids | (blank) |
| Adenoviruses | naked, dsDNA-containing viruses for which there are at least 50 stereotypes--immunity lifeong and type specific--originally isolated from adenoids--latent in tissue for life--colds severe with fever-- |
| Antigenic drift | mutation change of hemagglutininand neuraminidase |
| Antigenic shift | complete hemagglutinin gene change |
| Chicken pox | varicella virus--one of the most highly contagious diseases known--rash lasts 2-3 wks--itching-- |
| Common cold | (blank) |
| Congenital rubella syndrome | when a pregnant woman passes rubella virus to fetus during first trimester--any organs can be affected--eyes, brain, abdominal and thoracic organs, bone, etc. |
| Guillain-Barre syndrome | risk that occurs rarely--1 in every million doses of flu vaccine-- sx--neural damage, paralysis, and coma |
| Hemagglutinin | viral protein that attaches virus to ciliated epithelial cells in throat so virus can enter and kill cells--influenza virus |
| Influenza virus | spreads from person to person in 2-3 days--fever, chills, headache, and muscle pains--cough develops and transmits virions--sx last 7-10 days--killed vaccine produced each year for expected antigenic types |
| Iron lungs | large steel tanks--children condemned to live in--only machines available to provide a pressure change on chest to force breathing--poliovirus tx |
| Keratoconjunctivitis | inflammation of the conjunctiva and the cornea of the eye |
| Koplik's spots | reddish patches with white, salt crystal-like centers--first described by Dr. Henry Koplik--measles virus |
| Local epidemic | both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase can change in small steps by mutation--happens on a yearly basis--influenza virus |
| Measles virus | causes rubeola--7 day measles--most distinctive diagnostic sign is Koplik's spots--mild in most pts--highly contagious--vaccine developed in early 1960's |
| Mumps virus | inflamation of the parotid gland (parotitis)--glandular orifice swells shut, fills with saliva, becomes tight and tender--chewing becomes painful--testes can become infected (orchitits) and sterility can occur--live attenuated vaccine developed in 1967 |
| Neuraminidase | surface viral protein that breaks down the protective mucous layer that lines the throat--influenza virux |
| Poliovirus | tiny RNA virus that infects the alimentary canal--invades neurons in spinal column--causes poliomyelitis--transmitted in water or food-initial infection in adenoids/lymphatic tissue intestinal tract--sometimes spread via bloodstream to meninges- |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | causes a serious infection of lower resp. tract in young children--spread in infant ward-tx ribavirin via resperator--infected seperated--induces syncytia |
| Reye's syndrome | children under 17 given ASA get this |
| Rhinovirus | cause 50% of common colds--people have 3-5 infections/year--no fever--spread via resp aerosols produced b coughing/sneezing--grow at cool temps of nose--do not invade via bloodstream--headache/sore throat/runny nose |
| Rubella virus | causes 3 day measles/German measles--red rash lasts 3 days less pronounced than the measles rash--vaccine |
| Rubeola | caused by measles virus |
| Sabin vacine | live attenuated--kills polio virus |
| Salk vaccine | killed vaccine--eliminated polio virus |
| Shingles | caused by zoster virus--reccurent disease of chicken pox--painful neuralgia--lasts 3-5 weeks--comes from cranial nuerons--rash appears where that neuron enervates skin on one side of face or body--facial paralysis can result--pain meds needed |
| Syncytia | caused by respiratory syncytial virus--causes infected cells to fuse together |
Created by:
heatherlvn
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