Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Punnet square | Grid system for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross |
| Homozygous | describes 2 of the same alleles at a specific locus |
| Heterozygous | describes 2 different alleles at a specific locus |
| Dominant allele | Allele that expressed when 2 different alleles or 2 dominant alleles are present |
| Receive allele | allele that is only expressed when 2 copies are present |
| heredity | passed from one generation to the next |
| pROBABILITY | the likelihood that a particular event will happen |
| Genotype | Genetic make up of a specific set of genes |
| phenotype | The physical trait |
| carrier | does not show disease symptoms but can pass on the disease carrying allele to offspring |
| sex linked genes | Genes that are located on the sex chromosome |
| autosomal | genes located on the other 22 pairs of chromosomes |
| Monohybrid | cross that examine the inheritance of only one specific trait |
| dihybrid crosses | examine the inheritance of 2 different traits |
| pedigree analysis | pedigree can help trace the phenotype and genotypes in a family to determine whether people carry recessive alleles |
| crossing over | the exchange of chromosomes segments between homologous chromosomes during prophase one of Meiosis |
| gene linkage | tendency for genes located closely together on the same chromosome to be inherited together |
| Genetic variation | Variation in genes within populations creates natural selection |
| joints | The place where 2 bones meet |
| Gliding joint | Slide over each other ex: wrist |
| Pivot joints | 2 bones rotate on each other ex: neck |
| Ball and Socket joint | Allows the leg and arm to almost move in every direction ex: shoulder & hip |
| Saddle joint | allow movement right to left and front to back ex: thumb |
| hinge joint | movement in one direction ex: knee |
| axial | made up of skull, rib cage,and spine |
| appendicular | part of your skeleton that allows you to move ex: legs arms, hands, feet |
| Ligament vs tendon | Ligament is a long band of connective tissues that connect 2 bones across a joint while a tendon connects a bone to muscle |
| dermis vs epidermis | dermis is the 2nd layer of skin that contain glands and cells that keep the structure while the epidermis is the outer layer that contains pores and mostly dead skin cells |
| Skeletal muscle | attaches to skeleton by tendon -striated |
| smooth muscle | smooth in the in intestines not striped |
| cardiac muscle | found in the heart |
| Keratin vs Melanin | Keratin is a tough waterproof protein that gives your hair and nails the ability to grow away from your body but still keep shape were melanin protects the body from harmful UV lights |
| Sweat glands | help maintain homeostasis by cooling the body as the sweat evaporates off your skin |
| Neuron function | stores information and carries messages within the nervous system and between other body systems |
| neuron structure | dendrites are branches that bring signals inward while axons carry electrical signals away from cell |
| Central nervous system vs. Peripheral nervous system | CNS includes brain and spinal cord and interprets and stores these messages and PNS nerves that transmit messages to the CNS and from the CNS to other organs in the body |
| cerebrum | the part of the brain that interprets messages from your body and forms responses such as hunger, thirst, emotions, motion and pain |
| cerebellum | part of the brain that coordinates your movements |
| Brain Stem | connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls the most basic activities required in life suck as breathing and heartbeat |
| Prokaryote vs eukaryote | Prokaryote has no membrane bound organalles and nucleus |
| Want comes in and comes out of photosynthesis | water and carbon go inside and glucose and oxygen out out |
| restriction enzyme | are enzymes that cut DNA molecules at specific nucleotide sequences |
| clone | genetically identical copy of a gene or of an organism |
| Genetic Engineering | The changing of an organism's DNA to give the organism new traits |
| Recombinant DNA | DNA that contains genes from more than one organism |
| plasmid | closed loops of DNA that are separate from the bacterial chromosome and that replication on their own with in the cell |
| transgenic organism | has one or more genes from another organism inserted into its genome |
| Evolution | the process if biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors |
| Natural selection | mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals |
| Homologous structures | are features that are similar in structure but appear in different organisms and have different funtions |
| Analogous structures | structures that perform similar functions but are not similar in origin |
| Vestigial structure | remnants of organs or structures that had a function in an early ancestor |
| Survival of the fittest | the organisms that are benefited the greatest to their environment will produce more offspring to other populations in the same environment |
| fitness | measure of the ability to survive and produce more offspring relative to other members of the population in an given environment |
| Evidence of population - Fossils | prove structure of animals change over time |
| Evidence of population - Geography | Different ecosystems in each island produced different qualities traits in the animals |
| Embryology | Common descent because when animals are born they have similar features |
| Anatomy | comparing body parts of different species |
| Structural patterns | Vestigial structures |
| Charles Darwin | Charles Darwin discovered evolution and but it onto paper. He realized that there was variation among species and they adapted to their environments |
| Speciation | The rise of one or more species from one existing species |
| Structure of Virus | DNa in the Capsid, protein shell. Virus can only replicate inside a host |
| Lysogenic vs Lytic | Lysogenic: the viral DNA becomes a prophage, DNA that combines with the host's DNA and can remain dormant where lytic cycle host cell bursts |
| Viral diseases | Diseases enter the body through openings. |
| Vaccine | substance that stimulates the body's own immune response against invasion by microbes |
| Retrovirus | es: HIV virus that contains RNA and uses an enzyme called reverse transcription to make a DNA copy |
| Bacteriophage | Virus that infect bacteria |
| Bacteria strucutre | cell wall, plasma membranes, DNA in a form of a circle surrounded by cytoplasm. Have |
| flagellum | whip like structure outside cell for movement |
| shapes of Bacteria | Rod-shaped, spiral and spherical |
Created by:
ronabraham@cox.net
Popular Biology sets