Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which type of mutation is inheritable (passed on to offspring)? | Chromosomal mutation |
| How does DNA fingerprinting allow geneticists to study the genome? | Shows the size of fragments of an individual’s DNA |
| . Name four pieces of evidence to support evolution. | Fossil record, Biogeographical Distribution Similarities in DNA sequence Homologous body structures Embryological Comparison |
| . In humans, the pelvis and femur (thigh bone) are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown here are | Vestigial structures |
| . A species of frog has a stickier tongue than some other species of frogs, so they are better at catching flies. The stickier tongue is an example of a(n) | adaptation |
| . Charles Darwin called the process of change in a population of organisms “natural selection”. Define natural selection. | Individuals better suited to their environment are the most likely to survive. Because of this, populations change in response to pressure from their environment. |
| When lions prey on a herd of antelopes, some antelopes are killed and some escape. Which part of Darwin’s concept of natural selection might be used to describe this situation? | Survival of the fittest |
| Use the terms “analogous” and “convergent evolution” to explain the similarity between the animals shown here. | Specimen have analogous structures due to convergent evolution. |
| Define the endosymbiotic theory. | Eukaryotes formed from symbiotic relationships among prokaryotes. |
| How does the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts help support the endosymbiotic theory? | The DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts is very similar to bacterial DNA. |
| Why are nitrogen fixing bacteria essential for our survival? | Plants and animals are unable to use nitrogen as it exists in the atmosphere. (We can’t process N2). |
| The nitrogen cycle is vitally important to all living things because nitrogen is a key component of | DNA |
| . A typical trophic pyramid of a stable ecosystem will look similar to the graphic shown here. Why are the populations of each higher tropic level so much smaller than the lower level? | The amount of energy available to each higher trophic level decreases. (Rule of 10%) |
| Clown fish are small reef fish that seek protection from predators by sheltering themselves among the stinging tentacles of sea anemones. Clown fish are very territorial and can scare off predators of sea anemones. This relationship is an example of – | mutualism |
| Give an example of a predator/prey relationship. | Lion – antelope Duck – fish |
| Bullfrogs, native to the Eastern half of the United States, were introduced into California, where the California Red-Legged Frog was established in a similar niche. What type of ecological relationship will be the most likely result of this introduction | Competition |
| An active volcano under the ocean erupts, and the buildup of cool lava eventually forms a new island. What type of succession will immediately begin on the newly formed island? | Primary |
| . What is the main trait that characterizes a climax community? | High biodiversity, stable population, efficient use of nutrients and energy, large species |
| What kinds of adaptations would be expected in plants or animals found in a dry climate characterized by very low temperatures and sparse vegetation? | Cold weather adaptations – heavy fur, high fat content |
| A species of bird has particularly short wings to allow it to fly in dense trees. Its prey is a dark color to blend in with its surroundings. Both are suited to high humidity and temperatures. The bird and its prey most likely live in which biome? | Tropical forest |
| Give an example of how an organism might respond to changes in its environment | Bird flies south for winter Turtle gets out of cold water |
| An ecosystem is the most stable under which conditions? | High biodiversity |
| An area of land was wiped out by a disaster so there are few plant and animal species remaining. What could be done to increase the stability of the damaged ecosystem? | Replace all species that were eliminated to reestablish natural biodiversity |
| . Name the parts that all viruses have. | Protein coat Nucleic acid core (DNA or RNA) |
| What do viruses need in order to reproduce? | Host cell |
| 40. Name three ways Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) can be transmitted. | Sharing needles, sexual contact Mother to infant during pregnancy or breastfeeding |
| Bacterial cells such as Escherichia coli transfer pieces of genetic material to one another in a process called | Conjugation |
| An infectious disease is one that is caused by | pathogen |
| The body’s most important nonspecific defense is | The skin |
| An immune response is triggered by a(n) | Antigen |
| A child with a high fever and rash on his stomach and back is taken to the doctor. The doctor diagnoses the disease as scarlet fever, which is caused by the bacteria, Streptococcus pyogenes. | Antibiotics |
| Followingthe BPoilspill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010,scientistswere surprised to discover that bacteria hadeliminated an estimated 200,000 tons of methane from the water.Bacteria havemanyrolesin theenvironment.Which role made it possible for the bacteria | Decomposer |
| . Provide an example of the mutualistic symbiotic relationship between humans and bacteria. | Bacteria |
| Edward Jenner helped control smallpox by developing the process of | Vaccination |
| Alexander Fleming, a British bacteriologist, is credited with the discovery of | Penicillin |
| Workdohelped concludethatdiseaseiscausedbygerms ratherthancurses,evilspirits,orbad vapors.Oneofthemaincontributorsfor theGermTheoryofDiseaseputtogethera listofpostulates,orrulestohelp identifythemicroorganismthatcausesa specific disease.Thisscientistwas | Robert Koch |
| In which type of plant tissue would you expect to see undifferentiated cells undergoing rapid cell division? | Meristematic tissue |
| In the figure shown here, the X points to a | Stoma |
| One of the main functions of stems is to | Transport water and nutrients between roots and leaves |
| A plant is a(an) unicellular/multicellular eukaryote/prokaryote. (Circle the correct word in each underlined pair.) | |
| Refer to the “Cross Section of a Leaf” diagram. Where would you expect to see the greatest number of chloroplasts? | mesophyll |
| A protist is any organism that is NOT a plant, an animal, a fungus, or a(an | prokaryote |
| Which kingdoms include decomposers? | Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Fungi, Protista |
| A scientist finds a multicellular, saprophytic organism with cell walls of chitin. To which kingdom would she classify the species? | Fungi |
| How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes? | Cellular respiration releases CO2 and photosynthesis takes in CO2 Photosynthesis releases O2 and cellular respiration takes in O¬2 |
| There are many different kinds of protists that exhibit different characteristics. Which group of protists are responsible for about half of the photosynthesis that takes place on earth | Plant-like protists |
| How do fungi benefit plants? | Symbiotic relationship called mycorrhizae |
| The movement of gases in and out of the leaf is regulated by | Guard cells |
| Which process drives the movement of water through the xylem of plants? | Transpiration |
| Stomata are responsible for the transfer of which gases into and out of plants? | Carbon dioxide in and water vapor and oxygen out |
| Which types of reproduce using spores? | Mosses and ferns |
| What is the purpose of the structure labeled “10” ? | where pollen grains land for reproduction |
| . Plants can respond to changing environmental conditions by using what group of chemicals? | hormones |
| What is the phenomenon that is causing the bean seedling in the diagram to bend? | phototropism |
| Gravitropism ensures that plants | Roots grow down into soil |
| Recognizes and coordinates the body’s response to changes in its internal and external environment. | nervous |
| Works with skeletal system to produce voluntary movement, helps circulate blood, moves food through digestive system | muscular |
| Brings oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and infection-fighting agents to cells, regulates body temperature. | circulatory |
| Controls growth, development, and metabolism using hormones. | endocrine |
| Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs | respiratory |
| Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, small and large intestine, rectum | digestive |
| Skin, lungs, kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra | excretory |
| Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra, penis, ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina | reproductive |
| All 11 systems of the body work together to maintain a stable environment. This steady state is known as | homeostasis |
| After touching a hot oven, your body spontaneously pulls back from the heat. What two systems are involved? | Nervous and muscular |
| Red marrow in bones produces red blood cells in humans. Which two body systems are related by their use/production of red blood cells? | Circulatory and skeletal |
| The digestive system works with the circulatory system to provide glucose to cells so that cells can carry out | Cellular respiration |
| What type of animal cell contains the greatest number of mitochondria? | mitochondria |
| How does the immune system depend on the circulatory system? | Circulatory system delivers white blood cells, platelets, and chemicals to the affected area |
| The skeletal system helps the respiratory system and nervous system by | Protecting vital organs |
| Digestion in the small intestine involves which other systems? | Endocrine, muscular, circulatory |
| . The endocrine system depends on the nervous system to | Send a signal to glands to begin producing hormones |
| The organism shown to the right is classified in the phylum | Mollusca |
| A tapeworm is a flatworm classified in the phylum | Platyhelminthes |
| Name three different types of animals that are in Phylum Arthropoda | Arachnids (spiders, ticks, scorpions) Insects (grasshoppers, butterflies, ants) Crustaceans (lobsters, shrimp, rolly-polly bugs) |
| List the phyla that include organisms with a gastrovascular cavity and two-way digestive system (mouth = anus) ? | Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes |
| List the phyla that include organisms with a closed circulatory system. | Annelida, some Mollusca (octopi and squids) |
| Describe the ways in which birds differ from reptiles. | Birds have bones, scales, and muscles adapted for flight |
| The Suriname Toad is ovoviviparous. This means that baby toads | Hatch from eggs which are inside the mother’s body |
| List the characteristics that all chordates have in common in terms of digestion, respiration, excretion, response, and reproduction | Extracellular digestion with digestive tract and specialized organs Respire using gills, lungs, or through skin (not all do it the same way) Kidneys Well-developed sense organs Sexual reproduction, external or internal |
| Do all chordates have a tail at some point in their life cycle? | Yes |
| . Do all chordates have a closed circulatory system with a heart? | Yes |
Created by:
rhammock15
Popular Biology sets