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Bio Final Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Probability of producing male/female offspring | 50%/50% |
| List the gametes that would be produced by an organism GgTT | GT, gT |
| Mendel's Two Laws | Law of Segregation & Law of Independent Assortment |
| Law of Segregation | Two alleles of each gene separate when a gamete is produced OR only one allele out of two is expressed in offspring |
| Law of Independent Assortment | Genes are inherited independently of eachother |
| Codominance | Red flowers + White flowers = white & red spotted flowers |
| Inomplete Dominance | Red flower + White flower = pink flower |
| Sex-Linked Recessive Inheritance | More males than females affected & may skip generations |
| Inversion | chromosome segment breaks off then flips and re-attaches |
| Substitution | Exchange one base for another |
| Nondisjuction | Chromosomes don't separate during meiosis |
| DNA Helicase | Breaks up base pairings |
| DNA Polymerase | Reattaches a new DNA strand |
| What can mutations be caused by? | Mutagens |
| 3 Types of Point Mutations | Insertion, Deletion, & Substitution |
| Frameshift Mutation | Mutations that could result in an incorrect translation of codons |
| Central Dogma of Biology | Transcription ---> Translation ---> Protein |
| Where does Transcription occur? | In the Nucleus |
| Where does Translation occur? | In the cytoplasm/ribosomes |
| Trophic Levels | Each step in a food chain/web |
| Original Source of ALL Energy | The Sun |
| Biotic Factor | Factor in the environment that is living. Example: Predators |
| Abiotic Factor | Factor in the environment that is non-living. Example: Drought, Sun |
| Main Function of the Nervous System | To communicate information about and organisms environment |
| Main Functional Unit of the Nervous System | Neurons |
| Central Nervous System is composed of: | Nerves in the brain & spinal cord |
| Peripheral Nervous System is composed of: | All other nerves throughout the body |
| Sensory Neurons | Information -> to the brain |
| Motor Neurons | Information from brain -> anywhere else |
| Purpose of Thyroid Gland | Metabolism |
| Main Function of the Circulatory System | To transport oxygenated blood and nutrients to the heart |
| Components of the Circulatory System | Heart & Blood Vessels |
| Which side of the heart receives blood and then pumps it out to the lungs? | The right side of the heart |
| Which side of the heart receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body? | The left side of the heart |
| Purpose of Heart Valves? | To prevent blood from coming back in |
| Veins | Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart |
| What are the 3 types of blood vessels? | Veins, Arteries & Capilaries |
| Arteries | Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body |
| Which Chamber Receives Blood from the lungs? | Left Atrium |
| Which chamber receives blood from the rest of the body? | Right Atrium |
| Pumping Chambers of the Heart | The ventricles |
| Location of Tricuspid Valve | Above the right ventricle |
| Thickness of Walls of Atria | Thin |
| Thickness of Walls of Ventricles | Thick |
| Purpose of the Aorta | Distributes oxygenated blood to the rest of the body |
| Purpose of the Coronary Artery | Brings blood to the heart muscle. |
Created by:
AnimeFreakk831
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