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Tree Biology
Ch. 1 ISA Glossary Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abscission Zone | Area at the base of the petiole where cellular breakdown leads to leaf drop. |
| Absorbing Roots | Fine, fiberous roots that take up water and minerals. *Most within top 12 in. of soil. |
| Adventitious Buds | Buds that arise from a place other than a leaf axil. |
| Anthocyanins | Red, purple, or blue pigments; responsible for those colors in some parts of trees and plants |
| Antitransperant | Substance sprayed on plants to reduce water loss through the foliage |
| Apical Bud | Terminal bud on a stem |
| Apical Dominance | condition in which the terminal bud inhibits the growth and development of lateral buds on the same stem |
| Apical Meristem | The growing points at the tips of shoots |
| Auxin | Plant hormone that promotes or regulates the growth and development of plants; it is produced at sites where cells are dividing: Primarily in shoot tips. |
| Axial Transport | Movement of water, minerals or photosynthate longitudinally within a tree. |
| Axillary Bud | Bud in the axil of a leaf; lateral bud |
| Branch Bark Ridge | Top area of a trees crotch where the growth and development of the two adjoining limbs push the bark into a ridge. |
| Branch Collar | area where a branch joins another branch or trunk |
| Buds | Small lateral or terminal protuberance on the stem of a plant that may develop into a flower or a stem; undeveloped flower or shoot |
| Cambium | layers or meristematic that give rise to the phloem and xylem. Allow for secondary (Diameter increase) in a tree. |
| Carbohydrate | compound, combining carbon and water. Produced by the plant during photosynthesis. |
| Cartenoids | A yellow, red, or orange pigment responsibe for those colors in some parts of the tree or plant. |
| Chlorophyll | Green pigment found in plants, found in the chloroplasts. Captures the energy of the sun in photosynthesis. |
| Chloroplast | Specialized organelle found in some cells; the site of photosynthesis. |
| CODIT | Compartmentilization Of Decay In Trees |
| Companion Cell | parenchyma cells associated with sieve tube members |
| Compartmentilization | Natural process of defense in trees by which they wall off decay in the wood; see CODIT |
| Cork cambium | meristematic tissue from which cork and bark develop to the outside. |
| Cuticle | Waxy layer outside the epidermis of a leaf |
| Cytokinin | Plant hormone involved in cell division. |
| Deciduous | tre or other plant that loses its leaves sometime during the year and stays leafless generally during the cold season. |
| Decurrent | rounding or spreading growth habit of the crown of a tree |
| Differentiation | process in the development of cells in which they become specialized for various functions |
| Diffuse Porous | pattern of wood development in which the vessels are distributed evenly throughout the annual ring |
| Dormant | state of reduced phisiological activity within a plant |
| Epicormic | arising form aventatious or latent buds |
| Evergreen | tree or plant which keeps its leaves or needles year round i.e. for more than one growth cycle |
| Excurrent | tree growth pattern with central leader and pirymidal crown growth |
| Fiber | elongated, tapered, thick-walled cell which provides strength |
| Geotropisim | Plant growth as a response to the force of gravity. *Can be positive in the roots, Negative in the trunk |
| Growth Rings | Rings of annual xylem visible in a cross section of the trunk of some trees |
| Guard Cells | pair of cells which line the opening of the stomata and regulate opening and closing in response to water content |
| Gymnosperm | plant with exposed seeds |
| Heartwood | Inner, non-functional xylem tissues that provide structural resistance to the trunk |
| Included Bark | Bark that becomes embedded in a crotch of the trunk or codominant stems which |
| Internode | |
| Lateral Roots | |
| Lenticel | |
| Meristem | |
| Mycorrhizae | |
| Node | |
| Osmosis | |
| Parenchyma Cells | |
| Petiole | |
| Phloem | |
| Photosynthesis | |
| Phototropisim | |
| Radial transport | |
| Ray | |
| Reaction Zone | |
| Respiration | |
| Ring Porous | |
| Sapwood | |
| Shakes | |
| Sieve Cells | |
| Sieve Tube Elements | |
| Sink | |
| Sinker Roots | |
| Source | |
| Stomata | |
| Symbiosis | |
| Tap Root | |
| Terminal Bud | |
| Tracheid | |
| Transpiration | |
| Tropism | |
| Vessels | |
| Xylem |
Created by:
chadgrizzly
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