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psychology.1

TermDefinition
psychneuroimmunology the study of the effects of psychological factors such as stress, emotions, thoughts and behavior on the immune system
Stress- the term used to describe the physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.
Stressors- events that cause a stress reaction
Distress the effect of unpleasant and undesirable stressors
Eustress- the effect of positive events, or the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being
Catastrophe- an unpredictable, large scale event that creates a tremendous need to adapt and adjust as well overwhelming feeling of threat
Social readjustment rating scale SRRS assessment that measures the amount of stress in a person’s life over a 1 year in a person’s life resulting from major life events
College undergraduate stress scale cuss- assessment that measures the amount of stress in a college students life over a 1 year period resulting from major life events
Hassles the daily annoyance of everyday life
Pressure the psychological experience produced by urgent demands or expectations for a person’s behavior that come from an outside source
Frustration- the psychological experience produced by the blocking of a desired goal or fulfillment of a perceived need
Aggression- - actions meant to harm or destroy
Displaced aggression taking out ones frustration on some less threatening or more available target
Escape or withdrawal leaving the presence of a stressor, either literally or by a psychological withdrawal into fantasy drug abuse, or apathy
Approach-approach conflict- conflict occurring when a person must choose between two desirable goals
Avoidance- avoidance conflict conflict occurring when a person must choose between two desirable goals
Approach-avoidance conflict conflict occurring when a person must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative aspects
Double approach-avoidance conflict conflict in which the person must decide between two goals, with each goal possessing both positive and negative aspects
Multiple approach-avoidance conflict conflict in which the person must decide between more than two goals, with each goal possessing both positive and negative aspects
General adaptation syndrome GAS the three stages of the body physiological reaction to stress, including alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
Immune system the system of cells organs and chemicals of the body that responds to attacks from diseases, infections and injuries
Type 2 diabetes disease involving failure of the pancreas medication, usually diagnosed before the age of 40 and can be associated with obesity
Natural killer cell Kt immune system cell responsible for suppressing viruses and destroying tumor cells
Health psychology area of psychology focusing on how physical activities, psychological traits, and social relationships affect overall health and rate of illnesses
Primary appraisal the first step in assessing stress, which involves estimating the severity of a stress and classifying it as either a treat or a challenge
Secondary appraisal the second step in assessing a treat, which involves estimating the resource available to the person for coping with the stressor
Type a personality- person who is ambitious, time conscious, extremely hardworking, and tends to have high levels of hostility and anger as well as being easily annoyed
Type b personality person who is relaxed and laid back, less driven and competitive than type a, and slow to anger
Type c personality - pleasant but repressed person, who tends to internalize his or her anger and anxiety and who finds expressing emotions difficult
Hardy personality person who seems to thrive on stress but lacks the anger and hostility of the type a personality
Optimists- people who expect positive outcomes
Pessimists people who expect negative outcomes
Burnout- negative changes in thoughts, emotions and behavior as a result of prolonged stress or frustration
Acculturative stress - stress resulting from the need to change and adapt a person’s ways to the majority culture
Social-support system the network of family, friend’s neighbors, coworkers, and others who offer support, comfort, or aid to a person in need
Repetitive meditation form of meditation in which a person attempts to become aware of everything in immediate conscious experience, or an expansion of consciousness
Personality- the unique and relatively stable ways in which people think, feel, and behave
Character- value judgments of a person’s moral and ethical behavior
Temperament- the enduring characteristics tics with each person is born
Unconscious mind level of the mind in which thoughts, feelings, memoirs and other information are kept that are not easily or voluntary brought into consciousness
ID- part of the personality present at birth and completely unconscious
Pleasure principle- principle by which the id functions the immediate satisfaction of needs without regard for the consequences
Ego- - part of the personality that develops out of a need to deal with reality, mostly conscious, rational, and logical
Reality principle- principle by which the ego functions; the satisfaction of the demands of the id only when negative consequences will not result
Superego part of the personality that acts as a moral center
Conscience part of the superego that produces guilt, depending on how acceptable behavior is
Psychological defense mechanism unconscious distortions of a person’s perception of reality that reduce stress and anxiety
Denial psychological defense mechanism in which the person refuses to acknowledge or recognize a threatening situation
Repression – psychological defense mechanism in which the person refuses to consciously remember a threatening or unacceptable event instead pushing those events in to the unconscious mind
Rationalization psychological defense mechanism in which a person invents acceptable excuses for unacceptable behavior
Created by: isabel.1
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