Form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism's processes, or functions.

Is an instrument that makes small objects look larger.

Is a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.

Tiny cel structures that carry out specific functions within the cell.

Is a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.

Is a thin layer of living material that controls what substances come into and our of the cell.

Acts as the "brain" of the cell.

Is a clear, thick, gel-like fluid that is living and is constantly moving.

Is a rod-shaped structure that stores the cells energy in it and converts the energy into food molecules so the cell can use the food molecules to carry out its functions.

endoplasmic reticulum

Is a maze of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.

Are small, grain like bodies that are attached to the sides of the endoplasmic reticulum.

They capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell.

Is a water-filled sac that is the storage are for the cell.

Are small round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell.

Is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Is when two or more elements combine chemically.

Is an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen .

Are energy-rich organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Are large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and, in some cases, sulfur.

Protein molecules are made up of these small molecules.

Is a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing.

Are very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

Is the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.

Plays a important role in the production of proteins.

selectively permeable

Which means some substances can pass through the membrane while others cannot.

Is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.

The movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy.

Is the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy.

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Cells and Heredity

Vocab for Chapter 1

Term	Definition
cells	Form the parts of an organism and carry out all of an organism's processes, or functions.
microscope	Is an instrument that makes small objects look larger.
cell theory	Is a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things.
organelles	Tiny cel structures that carry out specific functions within the cell.
cell wall	Is a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
cell membrane	Is a thin layer of living material that controls what substances come into and our of the cell.
nuclues	Acts as the "brain" of the cell.
cytoplasm	Is a clear, thick, gel-like fluid that is living and is constantly moving.
mitochondria	Is a rod-shaped structure that stores the cells energy in it and converts the energy into food molecules so the cell can use the food molecules to carry out its functions.
endoplasmic reticulum	Is a maze of passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.
ribosomes	Are small, grain like bodies that are attached to the sides of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi body	Are the cells mail room.
chlorplasts	They capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell.
vacuole	Is a water-filled sac that is the storage are for the cell.
lysosme	Are small round structures containing chemicals that break down certain materials in the cell.
elements	Is any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
compound	Is when two or more elements combine chemically.
carbohydrate	Is an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen .
lipids	Are energy-rich organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
proteins	Are large organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and, in some cases, sulfur.
amino acids	Protein molecules are made up of these small molecules.
enzyme	Is a type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing.
nucleic acids	Are very long organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
DNA	Is the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.
RNA	Plays a important role in the production of proteins.
selectively permeable	Which means some substances can pass through the membrane while others cannot.
diffusion	Is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
osmosis	Is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
passive transport	The movement of dissolved materials through a cell membrane without using cellular energy.
active transport	Is the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy.

Created by: brendanlittle

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