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Latin Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2 characteristics of a miles. How long was his tour of duty? | A roman citizen and a full-time professional; 25 years |
| About how many men were in a legion? Give 3 capabilities of a legion. | 5,000 men; they made forts, manufactured weapons, made roads |
| what two details about a possible recruit did the inquisitio have to confirm? | They had to be a Roman citizen; had to pass a medical exam |
| According to Vegetius, what were four of the desirable characteristics of a recruit? | Alert eyes, head upright, large calves, long fingers, brilliant mind |
| What are 5 types of physical training of the new recruit. | marching, jumping, running, swimming, carrying heavy packs |
| Describe the weapons training of the new recruit. | they started with a wooden sword and a wicker shield, and progressed to fighting a human |
| What did Vegetius advise as the best way to use a sword? | thrust the sword |
| Define and give one detail about the gladius, pugio, scutum | stabbing sword (worn on the right), shield (3 ft. long), dagger (worn on left) |
| What is a pilum? How long was it? How was it constructed? | A javelin; 1.5 meters; pointed iron head |
| List 6 items the legionary soldier had to carry on route marches | dishes, water bottles, woven cloak, food for days, overnight materials, body armor/ weapons |
| What did the legionary soldiers have to do at the end of a day's march? | give instructions |
| What did the fully trained legionary soldier spend much of his time doing? | building roads |
| List 8 peacetime duties recorded in inscriptional evidence | building roads, building, working on pottery, working on baking, working on brewery, and building swords |
| What was the rate if pay during the reign of Domitian? List four of the deductions from that pay. | 300 denarii; food, clothing, equipment, savings |
| How would a soldier's life change if he was promoted? | More money, less duties |
| What two things might a soldier receive on being discharged? | 3,000 denarii, allocation of land |
| What fighting skills did the various auxiliary troops have? What type of auxiliary troop was the most important? List three ways in which this auxiliary troop was used | archers and slingers; cavalry; they would attack, defeat enemies, and protected the center |
| What was the reward for an auxiliary soldier on being discharged? | Roman citizenship |
| How many miles did a young soldier have to march at a regulated pace for? | 24 Roman miles |
| How many soldiers were in a Roman legion? | 5,000 soldiers |
| What was a Roman soldier paid? | 300 denarii |
| How long was a soldier's tour of duty? | 25 years |
| What is a cinglum, pilum, pugio, caligae? | A military belt; a javelin; a dagger; military sandals |
| What is an inquisitio? | an investigating board |
| What wasn't a part of the auxiliary legions? A)slingers B)funditores C)legionary soldiers D)cavalry E)sagitarii | c |
| Who called Agricola back to Rome? | Domitian |
| Who was his dead father? | Lucius Julius Graecinus |
| Which province was Agricola born in? | Forum Iulii (southeast Gaul) |
| Where did Agricola become governor? | Britannia |
| What subject was Agricola's least favorite? | math |
| When did Agricola first go to Britannia? In what ranking? | A.D. 60; tribunus |
| What was so important about Agricola's tour of duty in Britain? | He gained much knowledge of Britain |
| What did Agricola do well at Viroconium? What two honors did it earn him? | be undiscipined and troublesome; promotion to the governship of Aquitania, and consul of Rome |
| What was Agricola's political status when he returned to Rome for the third time? | governor |
| What is an optio? | A deputy who would take control of the century if the centurion was absent or lost in battle |
| What is a praefectus castrorum? | commander of the camp |
| What is a tesseraius? | Someone who organized the guards and distributed passwords |
| What is a signifer? | standard-bearer |
| What is a cornicen? | horn player |
| What is a vitis? | A cane centurions used to discipline his soldiers |
| What is primi ordines? | first rank |
| What is a legatus? | officer commanding a legion |
| How many tribunes were in a legion? | 6 |
| Of the 6 tribunes, how many were tribunus laticlavius? | 1 |
| How abouut tribuni angusticlavii? | 5 |
| What's a tribunus laticlavius? | senior tribune with a broad stripe; a man of noble birth |
| What's a tribuni angusticlavii? | the tribunes with narrow stripes; usually of a lower class |
| What is equites? | lower social class |
| Who was the primus pilus? | The most senior centurion of a legion |
| What was the pay of a centurion per year? | 1500 denarii |
| How many men were there in each century of the 1st legion? | 160 men |
| How many centurions were in a century? | 60 men |
| How many centuries were in each cohort from 2nd to 9th? | 6 centuries |
| How many military tribunes are in a legion? | 6 |
| How many men were in centuries of the 2nd to 9th cohort? | 80 |
| in purpose clauses, what is "ut" best translated as? | in order to/ in order that |
| In result clauses, what is "ut" best translated as? | that |
| A Roman legion was divided into ____ and further divided into ____. | cohorts; centuries |
| Who were the centurio? | the backbone of the legion |
| What is the lorica segmentata? | segmented armor of metal strips worn by the legionary soldier |
| Vici eventually led to ____. | development of Roman towns in Britain |
| What is the principia? | the headquarters |
| What is the praetorium? | The living quarters |
| What is the valetudinarium? | The hospital |
| What is the horrea? | The granaries |
| What is the via praetoria? | the main gate at the front entrance of the principia |
| What is the via principalis? | the road that goes around the width of the fortress |
| What is the via quintana? | the road that passed around the principia |
| What is the vallum? | the earth/mud walls with intervals |
| What were four defensive structures around the camp? | The ditch, the vallum (ramparts), the earth wall or mound, and battlements |
| What was the basilica? | A great hall, where commanders and his officers worked, interviews for local jobs happened, and court for military justice |
| What was the most sacred place in the fortress? | an image of an eagle with wide spread wings on the top of the pole |
| What item was on the eagle and what did it represent? | Gold; represented spirit, loyalty |
| What was he absolute worse thing for a legion? | losing a battle, or losing the aquilae |
| What is the aquilae? | the eagle |
| Who was an aquilifer? | someone who carried the aquilia |
| What were the rooms on either side of the sacellum used for? | pay rolls |
| What were close by or beneath the sacellum? | legion storing rooms, which kept money |
| What was the praetorium and who lived there? | A room on the side of the principia; the legatus and his family |
| What were the legatus and his family provided in the praetorium and why were they provided that? | central heat, garden, baths; they were provided this to show local leaders the luxury of Romans |
| What are the 3 rooms in the valetudinarium? | room for peace/sick, reception hall for casualties, small operating room |
| What were horrea designed to do? | keep the grain cool and dry |
| What were four features of the horrea? | made of wood, long and narrow, small pillars, overhanging eaves |
| What was the largest area of the fortress? | barracks |
| What was a contubernium? | 8 man section |
| What were the set of rooms that accommodated the contubernium? | colonnaded veranda, each section cooked for themselves, it housed a century |
| How many men were housed in a block? | 80 |
| Who lived at the end of these blocks? | larger suite for the centurion and/or optio |
| What were 2 reasons why the bath house was an important part of the fortress? | hygienic reasons and it provided as a social center |
| What structure was found outside the fortress? | amphitheater |
| What were 4 uses of the amphitheater? | parades, weapon training, display of tactics, occasional gladiator shows |
| What did civilians provide for the military fortress? | They traded with the Romans for food |
| What was the legal and actual practice regarding military-civilian marriage? | They would not be allowed to marry but the army tolerated an unofficial union |
| What were the vici? | cities made of spouses and children of soldiers outside of the camp |
| What 2 roles did the fortresses play? | It was first used as protection but soon led to developing a civilian town life |
| What are defixiones? | curse tablets that call for the punishment of an enemy |
| To increase the effect of the curse, what were added? | magical, meaningless words |
| How were defixiones written? | The offender's name is written with the details of the crime, then the tablet is rolled up and fastened to a tomb or thrown in a well |
| What did members of the Arval brotherhood do? | pray for the emperor an his family |
| What type of divination is performed by priests relating to the flight patterns of a bird? | augeres (augurs) |
| What were the layers of a Roman road? (bottom to top) | large stones, smaller stones, concrete, rubble, layer of rolled sand concrete, then the pavimentum |
| What was the Apian Way? | A traveling road from Rome to Brundisium |
| ____ was the port city in Rome. | Brundisium |
| What is the only surviving itinerary? | Tabula Peutingeriana |
| What were mutationes? | posting stations |
| What was the cursus publicus? | Imperial Post |
Created by:
sahil
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