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Bio Ch. 14 evolution
Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Evolution | The changes in a population over time |
| Lethal mutation | A mutation that results in the death of an organism |
| Geographic isolation | The separation of a population into two populations that have no contact with each other, caused by a change in the environment |
| Cast | A type of fossil that is formed when a mold in rock is filled with minerals that harden |
| Fossil | The remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past |
| Mold | A type of fossil that is formed when a dead organism decays and leaves an empty space in rock |
| Sediment | The bits of rock and mud that settle to the bottom of a body of water |
| Fossil Record | The history of life on earth based on fossils that have been discovered |
| Geologic time scale | A chart that divides earth’s history into time periods |
| Paleontologist | A scientist who studies life in the past |
| Extinct | No longer existing on earth |
| Half-life | The amount of time required for one-half of a sample of radioactive mineral to change into another substance |
| Mass extinction | The dying out of large numbers of species within a short period of time |
| Radioactive mineral | A mineral that gives off energy as it changes to another substance over time |
| Scientific theory | A generally accepted and will-tested scientific explanation |
| Hypothesis | A testable explanation of a question or problem plural is hypotheses |
| Descent with modification | The theory that more recent species of organisms are changed descendants of earlier species |
| Natural selection | The process by which organism’s best suited to the environment survives, reproduce, and pass their genes to the next generation |
| Adaptive advantage | The greater likelihood that an organism will survive, due to an adaptation it has |
| Vestigial structure | A body part that appears to be useless to an organism but was probably useful to the organism’s ancestors |
| Homologous structures | Body parts that are similar in related organisms |
| Hominid | The group that includes humans and humanlike |
| Homo sapiens | The species to which humans belong |
| Primate | The group of mammals that includes human’s similar animals |
| Cro-Magnona | Homo sapiens who lived about 35,000 years ago and are direct ancestors of humans living today |
| Neanderthals | Homo sapiens who lived between about 30,000 and 230,000 years ago but are not thought to be direct ancestors of humans living today |
Created by:
mtrampf
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