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Ch. 22 questions

Natural Immunity

QuestionAnswer
Which line of defense provides specificity and long-term immunity? acquired immunity provides specificity and long-term immunity
List seven natural physical barriers to infection skin, mucus, cilliated epithelial cells,
List 5 specific factors of the body's natural immunity that reduce infection and explain how they reduce infection mucus--traps airborne microbes, fluid flow--flushes out pathogens, GI tract--acid kills microbes, bodily secretions containing lysozyme--degrades bacterial cell walls, iron-binding proteins--prevent adequate nutrition for bacteria
Where is lysozyme found and what does it do? found in all bodily secretions--degrades bacterial cell walls
How does complement kill microbes? complement proteins circulate through body and bind to bacterial-bound antibodies--to bacterial polysaccharides to form membrane attack complex(C6-C7-C8-C-9) produce pores in bacterial membrane--leakage and lysis of microbe
What are the functions of C3 and C5a? chemotactic factors that recruit phagocytic cells to the site of infection
What is the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), or neutrophils? engulf and digest foreign matter
How abundant are PMNs? comprise 55% of all white blood cells
what do PMNs and macrophages both have receptors for? IgG antibodies and the C3b component of complement
List some things that inhibit phagocytes Low pH environments, poorly oxygenated tissue, and fluid-filled spaces inhibit phagocytes
what host response do basophils and mast cells stimulate? inflammation
what agents do eosinophils help fight? release toxins that fight organisms that are too large for phagocytes to ingest, such as worms
Created by: heatherlvn
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