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Physiology 3
| Physiology Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adrenal Medulla | inner portion of adrenal gland made of postganglionic cell body clusters that release epinephrine |
| Baroreceptor | sensor that detects pressure changes |
| Sympathetic Tone | bas activity rate (1/2-2 AP/sec) of sympathetic diviosn to maintaain smooth muscle contraction and fater heart beat than otherwise |
| Sympathetic Chain | chain of sympathetic postganglionic cell body clusters positioned along both sides of aorta adjacent to major body wall branches |
| Total Peripheral Resistance | total resistance to flow generated by capillary beds in systemic circulation |
| Diastole | relaxation phase of contraction: heart fills with blood and minimum arterial pressure |
| Intercalated Disks | structures that connect individual cardiac cells, composed of demosomes and gap junctions |
| AV Firbrous Barrier | insulating connective tissue layer that sperates the cardiac musle of the atra and ventricles, preventing APs from spreading from one to the other |
| Frank-Starling Mechanism | mechanism by which a ventricle responds to increased filling of blood responds with stronger contraction |
| Capillary bed | 10-100 capillaries from a single arteriole |
| Intercellular clefts | gaps between the individual cells forming a capillary, in regions not held by tight junctions |
| Coloid osmotic pressure | osmotic gradient between inside and outside of capillary, formed when solutes too large to pass through IC clefts are present |
| Albumin | abundant plasma protein that plays important role in maintaining osmotic pressure and transporting low-water-soluble molecules |
| Lymphatic System | vessel network which collects, transports, and returns excess interstital fluid to Circ. system |
| MultiPotent Progenitor Cell | stem cell that develops into all types of blood cells |
| Magakaryocyte | large bone cell that gives rise to platelets |
| Platelets | cell fragments of megakaryocytes involved in patching injured blood vessels |
| Thrombin | enzyme that catalyzes fibrinogin to fibrin for blood clotting |
| Fibrinogin | plasma protein that is precurso to polymer fiber in blood clots |
| Coagulation Cascade | series of enzyme driven reactions triggered by injury to a blood vessel... ultimately activates thrombin to form a blood clot |
| Transpulmonary Pressure | Pressure Gradient between inside of lung and plueral cavity |
| Tidal Volume | volume of air entering or leaving the lungs during a single respiratory cycle |
| Partial Pressure | Proportion of total atmospheric pressure contributed by a particluar type of gas |
| Alveoli | tiny air sacs where O2 and CO2 are exhanged between blood and air in the lungs |
| Erythropoietin | hormone released by kidney in response to low O2 (hypoxia) that stimulates red blood cell production |
| Hemoglobin | large iron bearing protein found in red blood cells able to bind with/erase O2 to facilitate transfer from lungs to tissues |
| O2 Disociation Curve | plot of relationship between PO2 in surrounding environment and % saturation of hemoglobin |
| Carbonic Anhydrase | enzyme that catalyzes conversion of H2O and CO2 to bicarbonate |
| Chloride Shift | process where red blood cells exchange one bicorbonate for one chloride across the cell membrane |
| Proximal Tubule | inital sgement of kidney tubule where most reabsorbtion takes place |
| Renin | enzyme release by JG cells in response to low arterial pressure that catalyzes conversion of angitensinogen to angitensin I |
| Osmoregulation | maintaining an osmotic balance between interstial fluid and cells |
| Chamber/Valve Pump | composed of 2 one-way valves and method of compress/expand the chamber between them... means to generate convective one-way flow through pressure gradients |
| No-Slip Condition | As fluid flows across a surface, the moleculs at interphase stay put while remaining fluid flows past by coninually changing shape |
| Hematocrit | % of blood that is cellular |
Created by:
thedrewid314
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