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Ch.32 HumanEffects

Ch. 32 Human Effects on the Biosphere

QuestionAnswer
___ is caused by rising sea levels and human development... Beach erosion
Medicinal, agriculture and biological pest control are all examples of the ___ value of biodiversity... Direct
Water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus... Biogeochemical cycles
Soils in tropical rain forests are typically nutrient-poor because nutrients are all tied up in... Vegetation
Most of the freshwater in the world is used for... Irrigating crops
Planting ___ can help conserve freshwater... Drought-tolerant
The first green revolution resulted from the development of high responder... Wheat and rice varieties
The preferred fossil fuel in the US... Oil
The preservation of ecosystems indirectly provides freshwater because ___ soak up water and release it slowly... Forests
Most freshwater is held in ... Glaciers
Trees with the ability to provide numerous products and perform a variety of functions in addition to serving as windbreaks... Multipurpose trees
Participation in biogeochemical cycles, waste disposal, provision of freshwater, etc are all ___ values of species... Indirect
Delivers water directly root systems... Drip irrigation
Variety of life o earth... Biodiversity
Compressed remains of plants and animals died many thousands of years ago... Fossil fuels
Resources in limited supply... Nonrenewable
Protecting biodiversity and natural resources for the good of all living things, including humans... Conservation biology
Any alteration of the environment in an undesirable way... Pollution
Human impact on the environment is ___ to the size of the population... Proportional
Natural water reservoirs below the earth's surface... Aquifers
Settling of the soil with the removal of water... Subsidence
Crops such as wheat, corn and rice are derived from wild plants that have been modified to be high producers... Agricultural value of biodiversity
Fresh water circulation, removal of CO2 from the air, uptake of excess nitrogen in the soil... Biogeochemical cycles
Wild fruits, vegetables, skins, fibers, etc... Consumptive value of biodiversity
Not limited in supply... Renewable resources
At least ___ % of the world population lives within 60 miles of the coastline... Forty
An estimated ___ % of the world's beaches are eroding.. Seventy
Humans try to stabilize beaches by building __ or structures that extend from the beach into the water... Groynes
The US shoreline loses 40% more ___ than is accumulates.... Sediment
Conversion of semiarid land to desert-like conditions... Desertification
Removal of trees for room for people to live... Deforestation
Nearly ___ % of the world's forest lands have been cleared for farming, logging and urbanization... Fifty
__ uses water primarily for irrigation... Agriculture
Growing a single serving of lettuce takes about ___ of water... Six gallons
Producing an 8.0 oz glass of milk requires about ___ gallons of water... Forty-nine
Conseqeunce of groundwater depletion; as water is withdrawn from groundwater sources the seawater can actually back up into streams and aquifers... Saltwater intrusion
___ of certain rivers has been so extensive that they no longer flow as they once did... Damming
___ reduces the ability of one parasite to wipe out an entire crop and reduces the need to use an herbicide to kill weeds... Polyculture
___ with no-till conserves topsoil because water has less tendency to run off... Contour farming
The farming of aquatic organisms... Aquafarming
Accumulation of mineral salts generated through irrigation... Salinization
The richest layer of soil in regards to organic matter and most capable of supporting crops... Topsoil
Need high levels of fertilizer, water and pesticides in order to produce a high yield... High responder crops
Can produce transgenic plants with new and different traits like insect and fungi resistance... Genetic engineering
Accounts for much of the pollution associated with farming... Raising livestock
In the MDCs, many people tend to have more than enough ___ in their diet... Protein
In LDCs, ___ is a condition caused by severe protein deficiency as their diets consist only of grains like wheat or rice... Kwashiorkor
Mean global temperature is expected to rise due to the introduction of ___ into the atmosphere... Greenhouse gases
A temperature rise of only a few degrees causes coral reefs to ___ and become lifeless... Bleach
The global climate has already warmed about six degrees Celsius since the ___ Industrial revolution
___ requires land on which to place enough turbines to generate energy... Wind power
___ on land can now collect diffuse solar energy more cheaply than in the past... Sun-tracking mirrors
The use of ___ vehicles will reduce air pollution and dependence on fossil fuels... Fuel-cell hybrid
Elements such as uranium, radium, etc decay below earth's surface ad then heat the surrounding rocks to hundreds of degrees Celsius; this can be used to heat water and that can heat homes, etc... Geothermal energy
Nonrenewable raw materials that can be mined from earth's surface... Minerals
Type of halogenated hydrocarbon in which both chlorine and fluorine atoms replace some of the hydrogen atoms... Chlorofluorocarbons
Wastes enter and remain in the bodies of organisms and become more concentrated as they pass along the food chain... Biological magnification
Can contribute to oxygen depletion in lakes and rivers... Sewage
In a study examining records of imperiled US plants and animals, ___ emerged as the greatest threat to wildlife... Habitat loss
Created by: SavannahElkins
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