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Organic Molecules

Types of Organic Molecules

TermDefinition
Carbohydrates Made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen for every carbon)
Types Of Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides simple sugars- Benedict's Solution is used to test for Example: Glucose- immediate sources for organisms.
Polysaccharides complex sugars
Examples of Polysaccharides Glycogen-an energy storage molecule for mammals. Starch- an energy storage molecule for plants-iodine test for. Cellulose- used in the cell of plants.
Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (many hydrogen carbon bonds and few oxygen carbon bonds)
Lipids are Commonly called fats and oils. Used for energy storage, insulation and protective coatings (esp. the cell membrane) Subunits are glycerol. A simple test for lipids is using a brown paper bag. (positive=translucent spot, negative=nothing)
Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
Proteins are Insulin-regulates blood sugar Enzymes-control chemical reactions Hemoglobin transport oxygen, red blood cells Basic building blocks are amino acids. Proteins also used for building muscle tissue, providing immunity Biuret’s solution, to test for pro
Enzyme a type of protein that is used to speed up chemical reactions
Enzymes are Enzymes are specific to a reaction and they are reuseable. Enzymes can be negatively affected by small changes in temperature and pH. enzymes are long chains of amino acids that are folded into a particular shape The shape determines the substrate the
Nucleic Acids complex molecule that stores and transmits cellular information
Nucleic Acids are Examples: DNA and RNA Basic building blocks are nucleotides.
Acids and Bases Acids produce hydrogen ions and have a pH below 7 Bases produce hydroxide ions and have a pH above 7 Strong acids and bases can be harmful to living organisms.
Created by: hunterweaver
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