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Blood/Lymph MS
BOCES LPN
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 tests that are used to determine anemia | Hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC |
| Anemia defined by lack of intrinsic factor | Pernicious |
| Intrinsic factor is needed to produce what vitamin? | B12 |
| B12 helps to synthesize______. | DNA (needed to produce hemoglobin) |
| What volume of blood loss is critical? | >1000ml |
| What blood product would be used for blood loss in elderly? | PRBC's |
| What mineral is imperative to the making of hemoglobin? | Iron |
| Who is at risk for iron deficiency? | Menstruating women, pregnant women, children and elderly |
| What might cause Iron deficiency in other populations? | Poor intake, poor absorption (Crohn's, Celiac) |
| What foods are good sources of iron? | Red meat, egg yolks, dark leafy veggies, liver, clams, mussels, oysters, turkey |
| Side effects of iron supplements | Constipation, black/green stool, stomach irritation. |
| How should iron be taken? | With OJ, between meals |
| What clotting factor is associated with Hemophilia type A? | Factor VIII |
| S/S of type A hemophilia | Nose bleeds, petechiae, ecchymosis, bloody urine, bleeding gums, prolonged periods and wound bleeding |
| What is aplastic anemia? | Disease of bone marrow, low levels of all blood cells |
| What is the condition called associated with suppression of all blood cells? | Pancytopenia |
| What might be risks associated with aplastic anemia? | Hypoxia, infection, bleeding |
| How is aplastic anemia Dx? | Bone marrow biopsy |
| What might cause aplastic anemia? | Chemicals, drugs, radiation,infection, heredity, autoimmune |
| What population is most susceptible to development of sickle cell anemia? | African decent, recessive gene |
| Sickle cell crisis most often caused by what? | Increased demand for O2 (vigorous activity) |
| What is one of the main symptoms of sickle cell crisis? | Abdominal pain |
| What causes the pain associated with sickle cell? | Sickled cells obstruct blood flow to organs, damages capillaries |
| What symptoms that are not associated witgh other types of anemia are associated with pernicious anemia? | Neurological symptoms |
| What test is used to Dx pernicious anemia? | Schilling test |
| What is a manual diff? | Manual count of all the different WBC's. Neutrophils most common! |
| What is main risk associated with agranulocytosis? | Infection |
| When is agranulocytosis critical? | 10% or less of neutrophils |
| What happens to neutrophil count normally when body has infection? | Increases |
| What is DIC? | Disseminated intravascular coagulation - depletion of platelets due to small clots forming throughout body |
| What is multiple myeloma? | Cancer of plasma cells |
| S/S of multiple myeloma | Increase Ca+, renal failure, fatigue, chronic Fx's |
| How would hypercalcemia be treated? | Lots of IVF |
| What is leukemia? | Cancer of blood cells. |
| What are the typical lab values associated with acute leukemia | Very high WBC, low platelets and RBC's |
| What is polycythemia? | Too many RBC's. Disorder of Bone Marrow. High H&H and viscocity. |
| What is treatment for polycythemia? | Therapeutic phlebotomy |
| What abnormal cells are associated with Hodgkin's lymphoma? | Reed-Sternberg cells |
| What is Hodgkin's lymphoma? | Cancer of lymphatic system. Abnormal cells aren't useful and accumulate forming tumors. |
| How is Hodgkin's Dx? | Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy |
| What are S/S of Hodgkin's? | Swollen nodes, sensitivity to alcohol, severe itching, weight loss, fever, night sweats, SOB |
| What are treatments for Hodgkin's? | Radiation, chemo, stem cell transplant |
| How curable is Hodgkin's | 80-90% |
Created by:
shocklori
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