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AnatomyLecTest3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sensory | Olfactory |
| Sensory | Optic |
| Sensory | Vestibulocochlear |
| Motor | Trochlear |
| Motor | Abducent |
| Motor | Accessory |
| Motor | Hypoglossal |
| Mixed motor/sensory | Oculomotor |
| Mixed motor/sensory | Trigeminal |
| Mixed motor/sensory | Facial |
| Mixed motor/sensory | Glossopharyngeal |
| Mixed motor/sensory | Vagus |
| CNI | Olfactory |
| CNII | Optic |
| CNIII | Oculomotor |
| CNIV | Trochlear |
| CNV | Trigeminal |
| CNVI | Abducent |
| CNVII | Facial |
| CNVIII | Vestibulocochlear |
| CNIX | Glossopharyngeal |
| CNX | Vagus |
| CNXI | Accessory |
| CNXII | Hypoglossal |
| CNI | Smell |
| CNII | Vision |
| CNIII | Eye movement, accommodation |
| CNIII | elevation/adduction of eye |
| CNIV | eye movement; depression of adducted eye |
| CNV | facial sensation, mastication |
| CNVI | eye movement; abduction |
| CNVII | facial expression, taste(anterior 2/3rd), salivation, lacrimation |
| CNVIII | balance, hearing |
| CNIX | taste (posterior 1/3rd), innervation of pharynx |
| CNX | swallowing, talking, cardiac, GI tract, respiration, taste |
| CNXI | pharynx/larynx muscles, neck & shoulder movement |
| CNXII | tongue movement |
| Fracture C1 | Jefferson or Burst Fracture |
| Jefferson/Burst fracture | C1 ring; blow to top of head; diving; 1/3rd associated with fracture C2; can be associated with injury to transverse lig |
| Transverse ligament | prevents posterior displacement of dens and anterior displacement of atlas |
| rupture transverse ligament | destabilization injury; flexion injury; |
| atlantoaxial subluxation | softening vs rupture of transverse ligament; more likely to cause spinal cord compression than fracture of dens |
| atlantoaxial subluxation | seen in connective tissue disorders such as 20% ppl with Downs Syndrome |
| Fracture of Dens of C2 | from horizontal blow to head or complication of osteopenia |
| Hang Mans Fracture | hyperextention traumatic spondylosis(disc degeneration) C2 from hanging or whiplash |
| Tear drop fracture | Flexion injury during MVA is most common; may involve anteroinferior or posterior inferior body fragment; often associated with spinal cord injury due to posterior fragment encroaching into canal and cause paralysis |
| Clay Shovelers fracture | stable fracture |
| Clay shovelers fracture | through spinous process of a vertebrae; usually lower cervical or upper thoracic but mostly C6/7; pain between shoulder blades |
| Chance Fracture | most common is T12-L2 and midlumbar in Peds |
| Chance Fracture | violent forward flexion injury; compression in anterior portion; 50% associated with intrabdominal injury |
| Chance Fracture | seatbelt injury |
| Holdsworth Fracture | unstable |
| Holdsworth Fracture | dislocation of thoracolumbar junction; flexion/rotation injury with fracture through vertebral body, rupture posterior spinal ligaments, fracture of facet joints |
| Most commonly fractured vertebrae | T12 due to transitional stresses |
| Most commonly dislocated vertebrae | Cervical |
| Most commonly disc degenration, herniation, arthritic spondylosis and spondylolisthesis | Lumbar |
| Batson's venous plexus | gives a way for prostate cancer to metastasize to lumbar vertebrae; it drains each segmental level and is continuous with the pelvic veins; located in epidural space |
| Spinal stenosis | hurts when walk/stand, better when sit |
| Disc herniation | Better when walk, hurts when sit due to 7x increase in interdiscal pressure while sitting |
| Spondylosis | characterized by disc degeneration and osteophytosis; see pars defect with a scottie dog collar sign |
| Spondylolisthesis | slipped disc |
| Unstable spondylolisthesis | more than 4mm change of translation with flexion/extension |
| Uncovertebral joints | Joints of Luschka; C3-C6; frequent sites of spur formation |
| Ligamentum flava | extend vertically from lamina above to lamina below; stop abrupt flexion of vertebral column, protecting IV discs from injury |
| Extension | splenius capitus |
| extension | multifidus |
| extension | longissimus capitus |
| extension | semispinalis capitus |
| extension | trapezius |
| rotation | rotatores |
| rotation | splenius cervicus |
| rotation | semispinalis capitus |
| rotation | semispinalis cervicus |
| segmental arteries | trunk |
| subcostal and lumbar arteries | abdomen |
| segmental arteries | supply vertebral bodies |
| segmental medullary arteries | supply spinal nerve roots and spinal cord |
| lumbar puncture | extraction of CSF from lumbar cistern |
| Lumbar puncture | needle inserted between L3/4 |
| spinal block | anesthetic into CSF |
| epidural block | anesthetic into epidural splace |
| epidural block | used in childbirth |
| Longitudinal arteries | supply spinal cord; 1 anterior spinal artery and paired posterior spinal arteries |
| Veins of spinal cord | 3 anterior and 3 posterior spinal veins |
| injury C1-3 | no function below head; requires ventilation |
| injury C4-5 | quadriplegic with resp function |
| injury C6-8 | some UE motion |
| injury T1-9 | paraplegic |
| erector spinae muscles | Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis |
Created by:
jjohrden16
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