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Review #2 Stack 3
Astronomy (Earth and Solar System) ES.3a, b, c, d
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two types of planets in our solar system? | Small, rocky, high density inner planets and large, gaseous, low density outer planets. |
| What separates the inner planets and outer planets? | An asteroid belt. |
| What are asteroids? | Pieces of broken planet. |
| Where are they found? | In the Asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. |
| What is the order of the planets from the Sun? | 1. Mercury 2. Venus 3. Earth 4. Mars 5. Jupiter 6. Saturn 7. Uranus 8. Neptune |
| What are inner planets similar in? | Composition, atmosphere, and short periods of revolution. |
| How many days does it take for Mars to rotate around the Sun? | One |
| How many days does it take for Mercury to rotate around the Sun? | 56 |
| How many days does it take for Venus to rotate around the Sun? | 243 |
| How many moons does Mercury have? | 0 |
| How many moons does Venus have? | 0 |
| How many moons does Mars have? | 2 |
| What kind of moons does Mars have? | Captured asteroids |
| What is Mars soil have in high content? | Iron |
| What are outer planets similar in? | Size, atmospheres, many moons, and long periods of revolution. |
| What is Jupiter's Big Red Spot? | A huge storm |
| What is Pluto considered to be? | A dwarf planet |
| What is a comet? | Frozen gas that orbits the Sun |
| What is a meteoroid? | A left over piece of a comet's tail. |
| What is a meteor? | When a meteoroid enters the Earth's atmosphere |
| What is a meteorite? | When a meteor will strike Earth |
| What is the shape called that planets orbit in? | An ellipse/ovals |
| What is is called when the Earth is close to the sun in winter? | Perihelion |
| What is it called when the Earth is far from the sun in summer? | Aphehelion |
| What is the degree that the Earth tilts on? | 23 ½ degrees |
| What is a solstice? | When the Sun is is at its most northern point or at its most southern point. |
| Where do the direct sun rays strike at the Summer Solstice? | The Tropic of Cancer |
| Where do the direct sun rays strike at the Winter Solstice? | The Tropic of Capricorn |
| When is the Summer Solstice? | June 1st |
| When is the Winter Solstice? | December 21st |
| What is the Spring Equinox called? | Vernal |
| What is the Fall Equinox called? | Autumnal |
| When is the Vernal Equinox? | March 21st |
| When is the Autumnal Equinox? | September 21st |
| What is Earth's satellite? | The Moon |
| What is the Impact Theory? | A statement that the Moon formed when a large object struck Earth and material from inside the Earth was ejected out in space and this material formed the Moon |
| What two other theories have problems? | The Capture Theory and the Simultaneous Theory |
| What was the first moon landing? | Apollo 11 |
| Who was on the first moon landing? | Neil Armstrong |
| Why does the moon phase? | Because of the reflected sunlight and the angle at which we view it |
| What side of the moon is visible during the Waxing Phases? | The right side |
| What side of the moon is visible during the Waning Phases? | The left side |
| What happens during a Solar Eclipse? | When the Moon blocks the sunlight and a shadow falls on the Earth. |
| What happens during a Lunar Eclipse? | When the Earth blocks the sunlight and a shadow falls on the Moon. |
| Which two planets don't have moons? | Mercury and Venus |
| What is the sun mostly made up of? | Hydrogen and helium |
| What is fusion? | The combining of two hydrogens to make helium |
| Where does fusion happen? | In the Sun |
| Who discovered 5 planets and moons going around Jupiter? | Galileo |
| What allowed us to look farther into our universe? | The Hubble Space Telescope |
| What has the Hubble Space Telescope provided us pictures of? | Nebula, binary stars, super novas, etc. |