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Common Comp
MAMC exam 9 common complications of pregnancy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| categories of pregnancy complications | unique to pregnancy can occur at any time, but are complications when in conjunction with pregnancy |
| danger signals in pregnancy | vaginanl bleeding fluid from vagina swelling of fingers or puffiness of face & eyes persistent headache visual disturbances severe ABD/epigastric pain chills/fever pain/burning with urination persistent vomiting changes in fetal movement |
| signs & symptoms of preterm labor | uterine contractions cramps constant/irregular low backache pelvic pressure watery vaginal discharge |
| types of diagnostic testing | US doppler US blood flow assessment alpha-fetoprotein screening chorionic villus sampling amniocentesis non-stress test VAS test contractions stress test biophysical profile umbilical cord sampling kick count |
| uses of ultrasound | confirm pregnancy location of pregnancy fetal viability detect/compare growth multi-fetal gestations id fetal structure abnormalities guide needle placement gestational age location of uterus/cervix/placenta amount of amniotic fluid |
| uses for doppler ultrasound blood flow assessment | complications of HTN, fetal growth restriction |
| elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein associated with | open neural tube defects anencephaly gastroschisis |
| low levels of alpha-fetoprotein associated with | chromosome abnormalities |
| chorionic villus sampling | fetal tissue analyzed to diagnose chromosomal, metabolic, or DNA abnormalities |
| when is chorionic villus sampling performed? | 10-12 weeks of gestation |
| amniocentesis | amniotic fluid contains cast-off fetal cells & various other fetal products |
| when is amniocentesis best performed? | between 15-20 weeks gestation |
| midtrimester uses of amniocentesis | chromosomal abnormalities fetal condition in women sensitized to Rh+ diagnose intrauterine infections investigate AFP |
| third trimester uses of amniocentesis | asses fetal lung maturity test for fetal hemolytic diseases when Rh incompatibility suspected |
| non-stress test (NST) | identifies how fetal heart rate responds to fetal movement |
| vibroacoustic stimulation test (VAS) | fetus stimulated with sound; expected response is acceleration of fetal heart rate |
| contraction stress test | evaluation of fetal heart rate response to mild uterine contractions |
| biophysical profile | group of 5 fetal assessments: FHR & reactivity, fetal breathing movements, gross fetal body movements, fetal muscle tone, volume of amniotic fluid |
| percutaneous umbilical blood sampling | aspiration of fetal blood from the umbilical cord for prenatal diagnosis or fetal therapy |
| uses of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling | management of Rh disease Dx abnormal blood clotting factors acid-base status of fetus clarify questionable results of genetic testing treat blood diseases & deliver therapeutic drugs that can't be delivered to the fetus in another way |
| kick counts | mother counds fetal movements in a prescribed period of time daily evaluation of movement provides way of evaluating fetus |
| define hyperemesis gravidarum | presistent, unctrollable vomiting begins first weeks of pregnancy can have serious consequences |
| most common cause of spontaneous abortion | severe congenital abnormalities incompatible with life |
| define abortion | loss of pregnancy before fetus is viable, or capable of living outside the uterus |
| when is a fetus not viable? | less than 20 weeks gestations weighing less than 500g |
| 6 subgroups of spontaneous abortions | threatened inevitable incomplete complete missed recurrent |
| define ectopic pregnancy | implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the uterus |
| where does >98% of ectopic pregnancy occur? | fallopian tube |
| causes of ectopic pregnancy | scarring/abnormality in tube additional causes |
| define disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) | life-threatening defect in coagulation that may occur with several complications of pregnancy |
| define placenta previa | implantation of the placenta in the lower uterus; as a result the placenta is closer to the internal cervical os than the presenting part of the fetus |
| types of placenta previa | marginal/low lying partial total |
| define abruptio placentae | premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall |
| categories of HTN disorders of pregnancy | gestational preeclampsia eclampsia chronic` |
| gestational HTN | HTN with NO protein in urine |
| preeclampsia | SBP >= 140 DBP >=90 significant proteinuria |
| ecamplsia | progression of preeclampsia to generalized seizures seizures CAN occur postpartum |
| chronic HTN | high BP known to exist before pregnancy |
| define HEELP syndrome | acronym that refers to a life-threatening occurance that complicates about 10% of pregnancies |
| HEELP stands for | Hemolysis Elevated Liver enzymes Low Platelet count |
Created by:
ealongo
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