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Science vocabulary
science volcabulary all chapters
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is aa? | A slow moving type of lava that hardens to form rough chunks; cooler than pahoehoe. |
| What is abrasion? | The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, wind, or ice. |
| What is absolute age? | The age of a rock given as the number of years the rock formed. |
| What is absolute brightness? | The brightness of a star if it were at a standard distance from Earth. |
| What is an abyssal plain? | A smooth, nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor. |
| What is acid rain? | Rain that contains more acid than usual. |
| What is aftershock? | An earthquake that occurs after a large earthquake in the same area. |
| What is an air mass? | A huge body of air that has similar temperature, humidity, and air pressure throughout. |
| What is air pressure? | The pressure caused by the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area. |
| What is an alloy? | A solid mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal. |
| What is an alluvial fan? | A wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range. |
| What is altitude? | Elevation above sea level. |
| What is an amphibian? | A vertebrate that lives part of its life in water and part of its life on land. |
| What is an anemometer? | An instrument used to measure wind speed. |
| What is an aneroid barometer? | An instrument that measures changes in the air pressure without using a liquid. |
| What is an anticline? | An upward fold in a rock formed by compression of Earth's crust. |
| What is an anticyclone? | A high-pressure center of dry air. |
| What is apparent brightness? | The brightness of a star as seen from Earth. |
| What is aquaculture? | The farming of saltwater and fresh water organisms. |
| What is an aquifer? | An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water. |
| What is an artesian well? | A well in which water rises because of pressure within the aquifer. |
| What is an asteroid? | Rocky objects revolving around the sun that are to small and numerous to be considered planets. |
| What is an asteroid belt? | The region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found. |
| What is the asthenosphere? | The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats. |
| What is an astronomer? | A scientist who studies the universe beyond Earth. |
| What is astronomy? | The study of the moon, stars and other objects in space. |
| What is the atmosphere? | The envelope of gases that surrounds Earth. |
| What is an atoll? | A ring-shaped coral reef that surrounds s shallow lagoon. |
| What is an atom? | The smallest particle of an element. |
| What is an axis? | An imaginary line that passes through Earth's center and the North and South poles, about which Earth rotates. |
| What is barometer? | An instrument used to maesure changes in air pressure. |
| What is basalt? | A dark, dense, ingneous rock with a fine texture, found in the oceanic crust. |
| what is base-isolated building? | A building mounted on bearings designed to absorb the energy of an earthquake. |
| What is a batholith? | A mass of rock formed when a large body of magama cools inside the crust. |
| What is a beach? | Wave-washed sediment along a coast. |
| What is bedrock? | The solid layer of rock beneath the soil. |
| What are benthos? | Organisms that live on the bottom of the ocean or other bodies of water. |
| What is a big bang? | The initial explosion that resulted in the formation and expansion of the universe. |
| What is a brinary star? | A star system with two stars. |
| What is bioluminescence? | The prodution of light by living things. |
| What is biomass fuel? | Fuel made from living things. |
| What is a black hole? | An object whose gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. |
| What is a caldera? | The large hole at the top of a volcano formed when the roof of a volcano's magma chamber collapses. |
| What is carbon film? | A type of fossil consisting of an extremly thin coating of carbon on rock. |
| What is a cast? | A fossil that is a copy of an organism's shape formed when minerals seep into a mold. |
| What is cementation? | The process by which disssolved minerals crystalize and glue particles of sediment toghether into one mass. |
| What is a chemical property? | Any property of a substance that produces a change in the composition of matter. |
| What is a chemical rock? | Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystalize from a solution. |
| What is chemical weathering? | The process that breaks down rock through chemical change. |
| What is chlorofluorocarbons? | Chlorine compounds that are the main cause of ozone depletion. |
| What is the chromosphere? | The middle layer of the suns atmosphere. |
| What is a cinder cone? | A steep, cone-shaped hill or small mountain made of volcanic ash, cinders, and bombs piled up around a volcanoes opening. |
| What is cirrus? | Wispy, feathery clouds made mostly of ice crystals that form at high levels. |
| What is a clastic rock? | Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure. |
| What is cleavage? | A mineral´s ability to split easily along flat surfaces. |
| What is climate? | The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area. |
| What is cloud seeding? | Process of producing rain during droughts by sprinkling silver iodine crystals and dry ice into clouds from airplanes. |
| What is coagulation? | The process by which particles in a liquid clump together. |
| What is coliform? | A type of bacteria found in human and animal wastes. |
| What is a coma? | The fuzzy outer layer of a comet. |
| What is combustion? | The process of burning a fuel. |
| What is a comet? | A loose collection of ice, dust and small rocky particles, typically with a long, narrow orbit of the sun. |
| What is compaction? | The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight. |
| what is a composite volcano? | A tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash and other volcanic materials. |
| What is a compound? | A substance in which two or more elements are chemically joined. |
| What is compression? | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. |
| What is concentration? | The amount of one substance in a certain volume of another substance. |
| What is condensation? | The process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid. |
| What is conduction? | The direct transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another substance that is touching. |
| What is conservation? | The practice of using less of a resource so that it will not be used up. |
| What is conservation plowing? | Soil conservation method in which the dead stalks from the previous year's crop are left in the ground to hold the soil in place. |
| What is a constellation? | An imaginary pattern of stars in the sky. |
| What is a constructive force? | A force that builds up mountains and landmasses on Earth's surface. |
| What is a continental (air mass)? | A dry air mass that forms over land. |
| What is a continental climate? | The climate of the centers of continents, with cold winters and warm or hot summers. |
| What is continental drift? | The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface. |
| What is a continental glacier? | A glacier that covers much of a continent or island. |
| What is a continental shelf? | A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent. |
| What is a continental slope? | A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of a continental shelf. |
| What is a contour interval? | The difference in elevation from one contour line to the next. |
| What is a contour line? | A line on a topographic map that connects points in equal elevation. |
| What is contour plowing? | Plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss. |
| What is a control rod? |
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jr1228
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