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Lannom:Biology Cards
flashcards for vocabulary hw
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Membrane | biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment |
| Cell Wall | the tough, usually flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds some types of cells |
| Chloroplasts | organelles found in plant cells and some other eukaryotic organisms. As well as conducting photosynthesis, they carry out almost all fatty acid synthesis in plants, and are involved in a plant's immune response |
| Chromosomes | an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences |
| Cytoplasm | the gel-like substance enclosed within the cell membrane |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | an organelle of cells in eukaryotic organisms that forms an interconnected network of membrane vesicles |
| Golgi Bodies | an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells |
| Mitochondria | a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells |
| Nuclear Membrane | is the double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells |
| Nucleus | the control center of a cell, containing the cell's chromosomal DNA |
| Ribosomes | a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the primary site of biological protein synthesis |
| Vacuole | a membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal[1] and bacterial cells |
| Prokaryote | a group of organisms whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus |
| Eukaryote | a group of organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus |
| Mitosis | the process by which a cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets, in two separate nuclei |
| meiosis | a special type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes |
| Monomer | a molecule that may bind chemically to other molecules to form a polymer |
| Polymer | a very large, broad classes of compounds, both natural and synthetic, with a wide variety of properties |
| Carbohydrates | an organic compound that consists only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with a hydrogen:oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 |
| Lipids | a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others |
| Proteins | are large biological molecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acids |
| Nucleic Acids | large biological molecules essential for all known forms of life. They include DNA and RNA. |
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