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Classifacations
CMA
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Antianginals | Medications for angina increase the amount of blood and oxygen to the heart muscke by causing the coronary arteries to dilate. Antianginals include beta blockers, calcium blockers, and vasodilators. The most common antianginal medication in Nitrostat |
| Antiarrythmics | medications are given to regulate the heartbeat. they act on the nerve impulses in the heart. Examples are Cordarone and Procardia. They often slow the heart beat and decrease the blood pressure,check vital signs before giving medications |
| Anticoagulants | Blood Thinners Prescribed to treat or prevent conditions like heart attack, stroke, and blood clots. watch for tarry stools bleeding gums bleeding from the rectum or vagina and nosebleeds. blood test to check Pro-Time. Ex: Plavix or Coumadin |
| Antihyperlipidemics | Against high fat in the blood. prescribed to treat high cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Ex: Lipitor or Vytorin LOW FAT DIET |
| Antihypertensives | Prescribed to control and regulate blood pressure ACE inhibitor: Capoten Beta blocker: Lopressor or Toprol XL Calcium Channel Blocker: Norvasc Vasodialators: Apresoline check blood presser before giving these medications to prevent hypotension. |
| Cardiac Glycosides | prescribed for residents who have congestive heart failure ex: Lanoxin They slow and strengthen the heart beat check pulse before giving these meadications if it is below 60 check with supervisor first yellow halos around light= digitalis toxicity |
| Diuretics | CAuse the body to rid its self of excess water act on kidneys to increase salt and water output cause the blood pressure to lower Ex: HCTZ or Lasix Potassium supplement K-dur |
| Vasodilators | Widen Blood vessels ordered to lower blood pressure and to treat poor circulation to various parts of the body side effects headache nausea and hypotension. check blood pressure before giving these medications |
| Antiglaucoma Drugs | Glaucoma is an eye disorder that causes increasesed pressure of fluid in the eye Ex: Epinephrine- Dialates the pupil Pilocarpine- constricts the Pupils Timolo is a beta blocker decreases the production of fluid in the eye. |
| Antacids | Mixtures that neutralizes stomach when swallowed COmmon Side effects are constipation or diarrhea commonly prescribed antacids are Amphogel, Digel, Mylanta, Maalox |
| Anticholinergics | Blocks the action of the parasympathetic nervous system prescribed for irritable bowel or overactive bowels |
| Antiemetics | Medicines is to relieve nausea and vomiting give via injection or suppository EX: Phenergan OR Zofran Side effects drowsiness or dry mouth |
| Anti-reflux Medications | medicines work by decreasing or blocking the amount of acid produced by the stomach EX: Nexium Prilosec Zantac Carafate used to treat ulcers coats ulcer to protect it from stomach acid should be given on an empty stomach w/ full glass of water |
| Laxatives and stool softeners | Relieve constipation. always see when the residents last had a bowel movement before giving stool softener or laxatives do not give regularly if the resident has frequent soft stools EX: milk of magnesia |
| Antidiabetics | Stimulates the pancreas to produce more insulin when it isn't making enough to meet the body's needs injections are prescribed only if the pancreas no longer makes enough insulin EX: metformin fasting blood test may be ordered to determine sugar levels |
| Reproductive Hormones | Estrogen May be ordered during menopause to lessen symptoms also may be order for a male with certain types of cancer elderly women take to prevent osteoporosis EX: Estaderm |
| Steroids | Order to relieve Inflammation and to treat diseases such as asthma and bronchitis may be tablets or cream EX: hydrocortisone cream Prednisone |
| Anabolic steroids | Steroids taken by athletes to increase muscle size this is dangerous because anabolic steroids can cause damage to the heart, nervous system, and kidneys |
| Thyroid Replacement Hormone | When someone's own thyroid doesn't function properly replacement hormone prescribed produced synthetically if to high of a does person with experience irritability and anxiety EX: Synthroid |
| Antibiotics | Used to treat infections caused by bacteria no effect on viruses antibiotics must be taken regularly for the prescribed amount of time EX: Zithromax or INH (kills tuberculosis) check resident for allergies side effects: vomiting and nausea |
| Antivirals | Few exist at this time Zovirax used to treat outbreaks of herpes and shingles AZT, Retrovir helps minimize some symptoms of HIV and AIDS |
| Antifungals | used to treat fungal infections like athletes foot and yeast infections topical creams or ointments EX: monostat Given through iv for severe systemic infections |
| Anti-inflammatory | NSAIDS= non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Prescribed for relief of muscle pain due to tenseness and inflammation prescribed for arthritis EX: Motrin, Mobic, naproxen side effects:heartburn nausea vomiting and ulcers can lead to heart attack and stroke |
| Antineoplastics | Given to treat cancer by preventing new growth of cancer cells extremely toxic |
| Analgesics | used to relieve pain Narcotic analgesics act on the brain cause drowsiness and afeeling of well being EX: morphine sulfate non- Narcotic include aspirin they can be combined EX: percocet |
| Antianxiety/Sedative Medications | ordered to reduce the activity of certain brain chemicals relieve anxiety and panic in residents sedatives act on the brain to help calm the resident EX: Benadryl doxepin Atarax Vistaril Residents should be monitored closely |
| Anticonvulsants | Decrease the frequency and severity of seizures by acting on brain activity EX: Dilantin Depakote Tegretol |
| Antidepressants | GIven to relieve depression and also to treat certain types of pain such as migraines EX: Xanax, Zoloft, Cymbalta and MAOI which can interact with certain foods |
| Antiparkinson Medications | Parkinson's causes uncontrollable tremors, stooped posture and a shifting gait caused by imbalances in the brain ordered to correct brain imbalance and to relieve syptoms EX: Laradopa Sinemet |
| Skeletal Muscle Relaxants | COmmon locations for muscke pain are the back shoulders and neck prescribed to relax the muscles and decrease pain EX: soma rela sodol Flexeril cause sedation resident should be kept in a safe environment |
| Antihistamines | Decreases allergy symptoms prescribed for mild respiratory allergies EX: Benadryl or Claritin used to treat or prevent motion sickness EX: Antivert |
| Antitussives | act on the brain to control coughing most of them contain dextromethorphan prescription strength contains codeine they are only ordered when a cough does not produce sputum |
| Bronchodilators | widen the air passages in the lungs to ease shortness of breath associated w/ asthma and emphysema EX: Corophylline, Theodur inhalers Albuterol and Alupent side effects nervousness insomnia tremors anxiety nausea and vomiting |
| Decongestants | opens air passages in the nose and sinuses by constricting blood vessels in those areas they can increase blood pressure and should be used with caution if the resident has hypertension |
| Expectorants | Thin mucus so it can be coughed up and out encourage residents with thick mucus, tenacious mucus to drink lots of fluids and to use a vaporizer or humidifier EX: Guiafenesin |
| Steroid Anti-Inflammatories | prescribed to decrease swelling and inflammation of the air passages in combination with bronchodilators to increase air movement in residents w/asthma and emphysema EX: Flovent |
| Topical medications | applied directly to skin may used to treat a local lesion or it may delivered systemically via transdermal patch absorbed into the blood stream EX: Nitroglyerin, Estrogen, Trans-Scop, catapres and fentanyl |
| Vitamin and Mineral Supplements | chemical substances needed by the body to maintain normal functions someone who doesnot eat well or has a certain disease or illness that keeps them from absorbing them from their food EX: Centrum, Thergran, and Poly-Vi-Sol MUST HAVE DR. ORDER |
Created by:
crystell
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