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Ch. 20 Fungi

Ch. 20 Fungi Review

QuestionAnswer
Tough, polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi... Chitin
Reproductive structure of fungi... Fruiting body
Specialized hyphae found in parasitic fungi... Haustoria
Filaments composing the body o the fungus... Hyphae
Netlike mass of branching hyphae... Mycelium
Cross-walls between hyphae... Septa
Sac or case in which spores are produced... Sporangia
Reproductive haploid cell within a hard outer coat... Spore
Fungi do not contain pigments/chloroplasts so they are not autotrophic but rather... Heterotrophic
Can be used for both asexual or sexual reproduction in fungi... Spores
Process by which the offspring grows off the parent (parent cell) until it is large enough to function on its own... Budding
If the mycelium of a fungus is severed and the pieces are placed in an area in which conditions are favorable, each individual piece may grow and develop into a mature organism... Fragmentation
An organism that feeds on and breaks down dead organisms, recycling nutrients back into food webs... Decomposer
Some of the ___ and oldest organisms on earth belong to kingdom fungi... Largest
The cells walls, ___ and septa distinguish fungus from plants... Hyphae
Unicellular fungus found throughout the world and important in the commercial production of certain foods and beverages... Yeasts
An organism that feeds off a host cell/organism... Parasite
Organisms that live/function together and both benefit from the relationship... Mutualism
Hyphae that spread across the surface of food... Stolons
Hyphae that penetrate food and absorb nutrients... Rhizoids
Reproductive structure of molds that contain haploid nucleus... Gametangium
In sac fungi, hyphae that produce spores on their tips for asexual reproduction... Conidophores
In sac fungi, a reproductive structure where a zygote forms during asexual reproduction... Ascocarp
In sac fungi, a saclike structure where spores develop during sexual reproduction... Ascus
Spores produced by the ascus in sac fungi... Ascospores
Fruiting body of a club fungi... Basidiocarp
Club-shaped hyphae that produce spores in club fungi... Basidia
Spores produced in basidia during sexual reproduction of club fungi... Basidiospores
Recent ___ suggests chytrids are related more closely to fungi than to protists... Molecular evidence
A(n) ___ studies various aspects about fungus... Mycologist
___ are known as the imperfect fungi.. Deuteromycota
Type of fungi which transform organic substances from waste matter and dead organisms into raw materials... Saprophytes
Type of fungi which absorb nutrients from living hosts by means of haustoria... Parasites
Type of fungi which live in a symbiotic relationship with other living organisms... Mutualistic
Protect spores and keep them from drying out until they are released... Sporangia
Includes bread molds and other molds... Zygomycota
Appears to lack a sexual stage in life cycle... Deuteromycota
Produces flagellated spores... Chytridiomycota
Most common fungi phylum, includes yeasts... Ascomycota
Includes mushrooms... Basidiomycota
In sexual reproduction, parts of two haploid ___ fuse to form a diploid structure... Mating strains
Most members of the phylum Ascomycota are ___ Multicellular
Rapid growth of basidiocarps is due to... Cell enlargement
Saprophytic basidiocarps produce enzymes that ... Decompose wood
Produces airy bread and alcohol in beer and wine... Fermentation
Use of fungi and bacteria to remove pollution... Bioremediation
Living organism that is sensitive to environmental pollutants... Bioindicator
Producing a large number of spores increases a species' changes of... Survival
Some fungi are the source of ___ drugs used for organ transplants... Immune suppresant
Created by: SavannahElkins
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