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Biology
Chapter 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is multiple allele? | pattern of inheritance in which a trait has more than 2 forms |
| This trait can be classified as both multiple allele andin its codominant inheritance pattern | ABO blood group |
| Pattern of inheritance in which a trait is controlled by more than one gene? | polygenic inheritance |
| pattern of inheritance that is autosomal but affects males different then females? | sex influenced traits |
| Disorder in which the blood does not clot properly? | hemophilia |
| a sample of embryotic cells are removed directly from the membrane surrounding the fetus | Chorionic Vilus Biopsy |
| when a trisomy is found in the #21 chromosome | down syndrome |
| disorder that causes a progressive wasting away of the skeletal muscles | duchane muscular dystrophy |
| can be used to determine if the correct number of chromosomes are present | karyotype |
| Klinefelter Syndroma and Turner syndrome are both the result of this tupe of chromosomal mutation | Nondisjunction |
| Pattern of inheritance in which one allele can mask the expression of another allele | simple dominance |
| sickle cell anemia has a close association with this disease found most commonly in tropical areas | malaria |
| Cystic fibrosis is inherited in this manner | simple recessive |
| Characteristic that is carried on an autosome but if a male is heterozygous he will lose his hair | male pattern baldness |
| 45XO is the abbreviation is most associate with this disorder | turner syndrome |
| genotype that results in normal color vision in male | xCy |
| pattern of inheritance that is carried on the X chromosome | sex linked inheritance |
| what are multiple alleles? 2 | a gene has 3 or more alleles |
| What happens when blood is mixed? | it may clump |
| what is an antigen? | molecules that can be recognized by the immune system. |
| What antigens can RBCs carry? | A + B |
| How are blood types determined? | by the presence or absence of the A + B antigens in blood |
| A blood | RBCs only carry A antigen |
| B Blood | RBCs only carry B antigen |
| AB Blood | RBCs carry antigen A+ B |
| O Blood | RBCs carry no antigen |
| What kind of blood can a recieve? | A + O |
| What kind of blood can B recieve? | B +O |
| What kind of blood can AB recieve? | A+ B + O + AB |
| What kind of blood can O recieve? | O |
| How is ABO blood type determined? | byt a single gene with three alleles IA IB i |
| What is the third antigen in RBCs called? | the RH antigen |
| What are people with RH antigen? | RH+ |
| What are people without the RH antigen? | RH- |
| What is RH blood group controlled by? | 8 common alleles and many rarer alleles |
| whats huntingtons disease? | genetic disease produced by single dominant allele |
| When do you get symptoms for HD? | 30-40 |
| What does HD affect? | muscle control, damage to the nervous system, |
| Where is HD located? | chromosome 4 |
| Who discovered sickle cell anemia? | james harris |
| What causes Sickle Cell Anemia? | a change in 1 of the polypeptides found in hemoglbin |
| whats a hemoglobin? | protein that carries oxygen in RBCs |
| What happens when a person of deprived of oxygen? | the hemoglobin molecules join together and form fibers which causes RBCs to undergo dramatic changes |
| What is the allele for a normal hemoglobin and one for the sickle cell? | HA normal HS sickle cell |
| HAHS are only carriers of sickle cell | (blank) |
| Who are suffers of Sickle Cell | HSHS |
| What are polygenic traits? | human traits controlled by a # of genes |
| Example of polygenic traits | skin color, heighth, body weight |
| what does skin color depend on? | the amount melanin produced |
| very dark skined people | alleles code for production of melain at all their gene positions |
| What is albinism? | recessive genetic disorder on chromosome 11 |
| What is cystic fibrosis? | recessive allele of chromosome 7, build up of liquid on lungs |
| How many people does cf affect? | 1 out of every 2500 |
| What is tay-sachs disease? | caused by recessive allele, rapid breakdown of nervous system |
| Where is tay-sachs disease most common? | jewish families of eastern european ancestry |
| What is PKU? | caused by a recessive allele, unable to convert phenylalanie to tyrosine |
| What is nondisjunction? | the failure of chromosomes to seperate properly during one of the stages of meiosis |
| What is the disease abbreviated 45X or 45XO | turner syndrome |
| What does turner syndome cause? | sterility, sex organs do not develop at puberty |
| What syndome is 47xxy or 48xxxy | Klinefelter Syndrome |
| What is colorblindess? | sex linked genetic disorder, person cannot distinguish between certain colors recessive disorder |
| male genotype for colorblindess | xcy |
| What is hemophilia? | recessive alleles dont produce the protein antihemophic factor |
| What is duchene muscular dystophy? | progessive wasting away of skeletal muscle |
| How is muclular dystophy caused? | a defective version of gene that codes for dystophin |
| What is a sex linked trait? | a trait that caused by a gene whos expression differs in males and females |
Created by:
lorelai91492
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